335例住院儿童呼吸道7种常见病毒流行情况分析

Investigation of the prevalence of 7 common respiratory viruses in 335 hospitalized children

目的了解马鞍山地区住院儿童呼吸道七项常见病毒分布情况。方法选取2018年9月1日至2019年8月31日呼吸道病毒检测阳性患儿335例,采集鼻咽部分泌物,采用DFA试剂染色实验检测呼吸道合胞病毒、副流感病毒(I型、Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型)、腺病毒和流感病毒(A型/B型)。结果335例患儿中其中0~6个月70例,~1岁47例,~3岁100例,~6岁91例,6岁以上27例。2018年9月~2019年8月病例数分别6、8、19、32、50、16、19、37、34、34、41和39例。0~6个月组分别为4、2、5、7、14、5、7、3、8、4、2和9例。2019年1月呈高峰,其他月份散发。6个月~1岁组分别为1、1、3、1、13、5、0、3、6、4、7和3例。2019年1月呈高峰,其他月份发病人数较少。单一病毒感染191例,占57.01%。混合感染中肺炎支原体混合感染肺炎支原体混合感染59例、轮状病毒混合感染12例、细菌混合感染37例。共分离出7项常见病毒398株,呼吸道合胞病毒141株、副流I型感病毒40株、Ⅱ型副流感病毒14株、副流感病毒Ⅲ型56株、腺病毒68株、A型流感病毒13株和B型流感26株。按时间划分,2018年9月至2019年8月分离株数分别为7、9、22、32、59、18、21、40、42、46、51和51株。呼吸道合胞病毒共计分离出141株,各月份分离株数分别为4、5、13、23、42、8、5、4、8、12、7和10株。呼吸道合胞病毒在2019年1月出现峰值,各个月份均有检出。结论婴幼儿免疫力低下,0~1岁幼儿是病毒性感染主要群体,共有117例约占34.93%。呼吸道合胞病毒是儿童感染常见病毒,它发病与患儿年龄、季节和区域有关。

Objectives To investigate the distribution of 7 common respiratory viruses in hospitalized children in the Maanshan area.Methods Subjects were 335 children who tested positive for a respiratory virus from September 1,2018 to August 31,2019.Nasopharyngeal secretions were collected.RSV,PIV(type I,type II and type III),ADV,and IF(A/B)were detected using DFA reagent staining.Result Of the 335 patients,70 were 0-6 months of age,47 were6 months-1 year of age,100 were 1 to 3 years of age,91 were 3 to 6 years of age,and 27 were over 6 years of age.Six patients with an infection were identified in September 2018,8 were identified in October 2018,19 were identified in November 2018,32 were identified in December 2018,50 were identified in January 2019,16 were identified in February2019,19 were identified in March 2019,37 were identified in April 2019,34 were identified in May 2019,34 were identified in June 2019,41 were identified in July 2019,and 39 were identified in August 2019.Of the patients 0-6 months of age,4 were identified as having an infection in September 2018,2 were identified in October 2018,5 were identified in November 2018,7 were identified in December 2018,14 were identified in January 2019,5 were identified in February2019,7 were identified in March 2019,3 were identified in April 2019,8 were identified in May 2019,4 were identified in June 2019,2 were identified in July 2019,and 9 were identified in August 2019.The number of those patients with an infection peaked in January 2019,though some patients were identified as having an infection in other months.Of the patients 6 months to 1 year of age,1 was identified as having an infection in September 2018,1 was identified in October2018,3 were identified in November 2018,1 was identified in December 2018,13 were identified in January 2019,5 were identified in February 2019,0 were identified in March 2019,3 were identified in April 2019,6 were identified in May2019,4 were identified in June 2019,7 were identified in July 2019,and 3 were identified in August 2019.The number of those patients with an infection peaked in January 2019,though some patients were identified as having an infection in other months.One hundred and ninety-one of the children(57.01%)were infected with a single virus.Of the children with a mixed infection,59 were infected with a respiratory virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae,12 were infected with a respiratory virus and a rotavirus,37 were infected with a respiratory virus and a bacterium.A total of 398 strains of common viruses were isolated,including 141 strains of respiratory syncytial viruses,40 strains of parainfluenza I viruses,14 strains of parainfluenza II viruses,56 strains of parainfluenza III viruses,68 strains of adenoviruses,13 strains of influenza A viruses,and 26 strains of influenza B viruses.Seven strains were isolated in September 2018,9 were isolated in October 2018,22 were isolated in November 2018,32 were isolated in December 2018,59 were isolated in January 2019,18 were isolated in February 2019,21 were isolated in March 2019,40 were isolated in April 2019,42 were isolated in May2019,46 were isolated in June 2019,51 were isolated in July 2019,and 51 were isolated in August 2019.A total of 141 strains of RSV were isolated.Four strains were isolated in September 2018,5 were isolated in October 2018,13 were isolated in November 2018,23 were isolated in December 2018,42 were isolated in January 2019,8 were isolated in February 2019,5 were isolated in March 2019,4 were isolated in April 2019,8 were isolated in May 2019,12 were isolated in June 2019,7 were isolated in July 2019,and 10 were isolated in August 2019.The incidence of RSV peaked in January2019,and RSV was detected every month.Conclusion Infants have reduced immunity.A viral infection was mainly found in children 0-1 years of age;there were 117 such children,accounting for 34.93%of all children infected with a respiratory virus.RSV was often found in children,and its incidence was related to the child’s age,season,and region.