莱姆病的临床与免疫

Clinical and immunological studies of Lyme disease

莱姆病(Lyme disease,LD)是一种虫媒传播疾病,主要由伯氏疏螺旋体(Borrelia burgdorferi,Bb)感染所致,此病的传播途径通常是蜱虫叮咬。莱姆病在全球发病非常普遍,并呈现不断蔓延的趋势。目前,全世界已有近80个国家发现本病,中国近30个省、市、自治区有此病的报道。该病的临床表现呈多样性:早期皮肤出现游走性红斑;随后可能发生眼部病变,继而莱姆关节炎、神经莱姆病及心脏莱姆病等。莱姆螺旋体抗宿主免疫可能与Bb独特的内鞭毛运动,OspC、PGBb等相关,但机制尚未完全明了。本文主要从其临床表现、病原体感染与免疫之间的关系所作综述,旨在为莱姆病的研究提供一定的参考。

Lyme disease(LD)is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi that is transmitted to humans by tick bites.LD has become prevalent all over the world,and it has been reported in nearly 80 countries.The disease has been reported in about 30 provinces and regions in China.LD has a variety of clinical symptoms in the early stages,such as erythema migrans and eye involvement,and then Lyme arthritis,Lyme neuroborreliosis and Lyme carditis in the late stages.The manner in which B.burgdorferi counters host immunity may be related to its unique movement via internal flagellae,OspC,PGBb,or other aspects.However,the underlying mechanism of LD has not been fully clarified.The purpose of this paper is to review the clinical symptoms of LD and the relationship between pathogen infection and the immune system.This information should provide hints for research on LD.