航天发动机用燃烧室的集成制造技术研究

Research on Computer-integrated Manufacturing of Combustion Chamber Used in Aerospace Engine

以某航天发动机用燃烧室的研制加工为例,针对薄壁基体大厚度差集中氩弧焊变形控制、高密度悬臂结构叶片精密钎焊、多层薄壁焊接空间结构的五轴精密加工、变形螺母精密装配技术、双头螺柱高效装配技术、腔体类结构件多余物控制等多项加工工艺技术进行了研究。通过对不同焊接参数进行焊接试验验证,给出了适用的氩弧焊焊接参数以及适用于此类结构的焊接工装装置。通过对比多种钎焊方案试验结果,确定了最优叶片钎焊工艺,并给出了适用的钎焊变形控制工装设计结构。通过在线测量、宏程序及有限元仿真等手段完成并总结了燃烧室的精密五轴数控加工方法。通过高效精密的变形螺母和双头螺柱装配技术研究,开发研制了高通用性和适用性的工具,为同类型航天产品的研制及精密加工技术研究提供了思路。

Took the development and machining of the combustion chamber of an aerospace engine for example,it was researched that the deformation control of thin-walled substrate with large thickness difference by concentrated argon arc welding,precision brazing of high-density cantilever structure blade,five axis precision machining of multilayer thin-walled welding space structure,precision assembly technology of deformed nuts,high-efficiency assembly technology of double head stud,surplus control of cavity structure parts,etc..Through the welding test verification of different welding parameters,the suitable argon arc welding parameters and welding equipment suitable for this kind of structure were given.By comparing the test results of various brazing schemes,the optimal brazing process was determined,and the suitable design structure of brazing deformation control tooling was given.By means of online measurement,macro program and finite element simulation,the precision five axis NC machining method of combustion chamber was completed and summarized.Through the high-efficiency and precision assembly technology of deformed nut and double head stud,a high-throughput and applicable tool was developed,which provided ideas for the development of aerospace products of the same type and the research of precision machining technology.