急性缺血性卒中机械取栓术后血栓标本组织病理学研究进展

Histopathological research progress of thrombus retrieved by mechanical thrombectomy from patients with acute ischemic stroke

脑卒中是全球第二大死因,也是我国主要死因,其中缺血性卒中约占70%。血管内机械取栓术业已成为急性缺血性卒中的有效治疗方法,但预后不良发生率仍高达50%。机械取栓术的问世使临床收集血栓标本进行组织病理学研究成为可能,同时亦避免体外研究和动物实验的局限性。本文对血栓组织病理学、血栓影像学、血栓组织病理学与病因分型、血栓组织病理学与血管内治疗等进展进行综述,旨在探究血栓形成的病理生理学机制,为急性缺血性卒中的诊疗提供潜在靶点。

Stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world and the main cause of death in China.Ischemic stroke accounts for 70%of the total number of stroke.Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy has been recognized as an effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke(AIS)recently,however,the percentage of patients who were subject to poor prognosis and had relatively high morbidity and mortality is about 50%.The development of mechanical thrombectomy makes it possible to collect thrombus retrieved from intravascular therapy for more histopathological researches.It allows more complete extraction of human thrombus for histological analysis,while avoiding the limitations of invitro and animal experiments.This article reviews the progress of thrombus histopathology,thrombus imaging,thrombus histopathology and etiology classification,thrombus histopathology and intravascular therapy,in order to explore the pathophysiological mechanism of thrombosis and provide potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke.