万历朝鲜之役中朝鲜处理降倭的政策与影响

Joseon’s Policy towards Japanese Defectors during the Imjin War and Its Impacts

万历朝鲜之役中,许多日本官兵向明或朝鲜军队投降,最后定居朝鲜,史称"降倭"。在多年处理降倭过程中,朝鲜王朝逐渐形成了一套处理办法。由最初之杀戮、排斥,逐渐转变为接纳、诱降,而用之所长;将降倭安置在合适地点,既利用又防范;对他们既赐予金银财物、荣誉称号,又赐姓名,倍加安抚,给予较高的社会地位,使之忠于朝鲜。这些政策虽使降倭在战争中发挥了一定作用,但也加深了降倭与朝鲜民众的对立,并带来了降倭的认同问题。

In the Imjin War,many Japanese officers and soldiers surrendered to the Ming Court or the Kingdom of Joseon(Korea),and they finally settled in Joseon.Historically they were known as"Xiangwo(Japanese defectors)".In the beginning,these defectors were ostracized or killed by the Joseon authorities.Later,Joseon adjusted its attitudes and policies towards them.The Joseon authorities accepted them or used them to their advantage,although precautions were taken against them.The Japanese defectors were relocated to suitable places and they were even granted wealth,honorary titles,names and higher social status,to ensure their allegiance to Joseon.As a result,the Japanese defectors were willing to make some contributions in the Imjin War.However,this intensified the conflicts between the defectors and the Joseon people,and caused the defectors to have identity problems.