金属有机骨架混合基质水处理分离膜研究进展

Recent advances in metal organic frameworks mixed matrix membranes for water treatment

金属有机骨架(MOFs)晶体由无机金属离子和有机配体通过自组装合成,具有高的孔隙率和可调节的窗口尺寸,可使MOFs混合基质膜在水处理时同步获得高通量和高截留率,有望突破传统分离膜的渗透性和选择性之间此消彼长的trade-off效应。本文综述了MOFs的典型构造、影响MOFs混合基质膜性能的关键因素、MOFs混合基质膜的制备方法、MOFs颗粒改善混合基质膜水传输和溶质分离性能的原理以及MOFs混合基质膜在水处理微滤/超滤、纳滤/反渗透和正渗透领域的最新研究进展。最后总结了MOFs混合基质膜在水处理领域的未来发展亟待解决的关键问题,主要包括高性能、低成本膜的可控制备、膜结构和性能之间定量构效关系的深入探索以及如何拓宽其应用范围等,对加快MOFs混合基质膜的产业化进程具有指导意义。

Metal organic frameworks(MOFs)synthesized by self-assembly of inorganic metal ions and organic ligands with high porosity and adjustable window size endow the MOFs mixed matrix membranes with both high flux and high rejection,which are expected to break the trade-off effect between permeability and selectivity of traditional membranes.This paper reviews the typical structures of MOFs,the preparation methods and the key influence factors of the performance of the MOFs mixed matrix membranes,and the principle of MOFs nanoparticles for improving the water transport and solute separation performance.Besides,the latest research progresses of the MOFs mixed matrix membranes in the fields of microfiltration/ultrafiltration,nanofiltration/reverse osmosis,and forward osmosis for water treatment are introduced.Finally,several critical issues in the future development of the MOFs mixed matrix membranes for water treatment are summarized,mainly including the controllable preparation of the membranes with high-performance and low-cost,the deep exploration of the quantitative structurefunction relationship between membrane structure and performance,and the expanding of their application scopes,which have guiding significance for speeding up the industrialization process of the MOFs mixed matrix membranes.