碎米藓属两种藓类植物孢子萌发与原丝体发育特征研究

Characteristics of spore germination and protonema development of two species in Fabronia Raddi

为获取其孢子萌发类型与该属植物系统发育、生态选择以及生殖策略选择的相关性,该研究通过室内人工培养的方式,在微米量级下观察并描述了碎米藓属(Fabronia)碎米藓(F.pusilla)和东亚碎米藓(F.matsumurae)两种藓类植物孢子萌发、原丝体发育和配子体发生的过程。结果表明:(1)两种藓类植物孢子均为壁外萌发,均产生由1~15个半圆球形细胞组成的绿丝体(chloronema)短枝;(2)碎米藓在绿丝体顶端分化产生轴丝体细胞,东亚碎米藓未分化产生轴丝体(caulonema);(3)两种藓类植物配子体原始细胞均在绿丝体上分化产生。参照Nishida对藓类植物孢子萌发型划分标准,分析并确定了碎米藓属两种藓类植物孢子萌发型均为蓑藓型(Maromitrium-type),为碎米藓属的系统分类提供了发育学证据。

The spore germination and protonema development of two Fabronia moss species,F.pusilla and F.matsumurae,were observed and described at the micron level by means of indoor artificial cultivation in order to obtain the correlation between spore germination type and phylogeny,ecological selection and reproductive strategy selection of this genus.The results were as follows:(1)The spores of both species germinated outside the wall and produced chloronema twigs that composed of 1-15 semicircular cells;(2)Caulonema cells of F.pusilla were differentiated and formed from the top of chloronema whereas caulonema cells were undifferentiated in F.matsumurae;(3)Gametophyte initial cells of both species were differentiated and formed from chloronema.On the basis of previous studies,in this experiment,referring to Nishida’s classification standard for moss spore germination,spore germination of the two Fabronia Raddi moss species were analyzed and determined to be of Maromitrium-type,providing developmental evidence for the systematic classification of this genus.