海上无人系统集群发展现状及关键技术研究进展

Research advances in the development status and key technology of unmanned marine vehicle swarm operation

海上无人系统集群作战正在从概念走向实装应用。着眼于海上无人系统集群作战任务的需要,总结无人机集群、水面无人艇集群、无人水下机器人集群和跨域无人系统集群的国内外发展现状,分析海上无人系统集群协同作战所需的关键技术,包括通信自组网、协同态势感知、任务分配、航迹规划、集群编队控制和虚拟测试等。系统性归纳海上无人系统集群所需各项技术的主要研究思路、代表性算法及相关算法的研究趋势,期望能够为海上无人系统集群技术研究提供有益的参考和借鉴。

The swarm operation of unmanned marine vehicle(UMV) has been developed and evolved from concept to practical application. In view of the mission requirements of UMV swarms, this paper summarizes the development of the UMV swarm concepts of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV), unmanned surface vehicle(USV) and unmanned underwater vehicle(UUV), and cross-domain swarm operations of UMV in naval warfare. It then analyzes the key technologies of UMV swarm cooperative engagement, including self-organizing communication, collaborative situational awareness, tasking, path planning, formation control and virtual testing. Finally, the main research ideas, representative algorithms and development trends of the related algorithms are summarized systematically. This study can provide valuable references for research on UMV swarm operation technology.