乡村振兴视域下新时代民族地区移风易俗路径--以四川省凉山彝族自治州J、Y县为例

An Exploration of the Aproach for the Reform of Customs in Ethnic Areas from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization in the New Era--A Case Study of J and Y Counties in Liangshan,Sichuan Province

乡村振兴背景下民族地区移风易俗行动有其独特性,研究基于四川省凉山彝族自治州J、Y两县的实际调查,对影响民族地区移风易俗行动的主要因素思想意识包括传统观念影响、思维定势等进行剖析,提出乡村振兴背景下民族地区移风易俗行动在尊重各民族风俗习惯的基础上,要通过提升教育质量、发挥“关键少数”作用、多语言(方言)语音科普推广等方式积极推进,既保障各民族优秀传统文化的传承,激发中华文化的内在活力,弘扬时代新风行动,助力民族地区脱贫攻坚和全面建成小康社会,不断铸牢中华民族共同体意识。

The core of rural civilization action in ethnic areas is to further promote the reform of customs,and the core of the reform is the question of“which part of customs or social mores should be changed or reformed”.Therefore,on the basis of a fully respect of the ethnic customs and habits,we should think about the differences existing among various ethnic groups,ensure the legal status of the action,reflect the interests and demands of the people,strengthen in-depth research on ethnic customs and relevant policies and regulations,and explore internal and external factors affecting ethnic customs so as to promote the effectiveness of the changing of customs.The J and Y counties have a large proportion of ethnic minority populations,both above 80%.Local people have basic cultural cognitions on their traditional culture,especially weddings and funerals.Therefore,the reform of customs in this area should be on the basis of respecting the“good”traditional culture.From the perspective of self-development,all ethnic groups in this region have a certain consensus on traditional thinking patterns concerning“high bride price”,“rich burial and poor living”,and“degu”.It is basically clear for them concerning the core issues in the action of changing customs-They know that the excellent part of ethnic traditional culture must be inherited and promoted,and the outdated and bad social mones must be actively reconsidered and abandoned so as to improve the overall quality of all ethnic groups.In addition,correct policies or a good policy environment can promote the effect of the reform of customs in the ethnic areas.Therefore,changing customs in ethnic areas from the perspective of rural revitalization must be on the basis of the Constitution and Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy,respect the ethnic customs and promote good and up-to-date practices and trends,promote the prosperity and development of all ethnic groups,and constantly consolidate the cultural foundation for the sense of community for the Chinese nation.Our ideas on the reform of customs in ethnic minority areas are as follows:1)Improving the quality of education and ethnic polpulation.Education is directly related to the improvement of the national quality of the whole country,and the improvement of education(semester education)in ethnic areas is practically related to the quality of various ethnic groups,and will directly affect the follow-up effect of the act of the reform of customs.Therefore,we should improve the comprehensive cultural quality of young people through various kinds of school education,let young people influence their families,extend the activities of changing customs into families,create a good atmosphere for family education,constantly emancipate the mind,promote ethnic exchanges and integration,and promote good and up-to-date practices and trends.2)Giving full play to the leading role of elites in ethnic minority areas.In order to carry out the reform of customs and promote the good and up-to-date practices and trends,all kinds of elites in ethnic minority areas have the duty to stimulate their sense of responsibility and make good use of their influence.This is crucial to the action of changing customs in ethnic minority areas.Elites from all walks of life in ethnic minority areas should keep pace with the times and play the leading role of the“key minority”.While guaranteeing the inheritance of the excellent traditional culture of all ethnic groups,they should objectively view the action of changing customs and lead the people of all ethnic groups to carry out the reform of customs and promote good and up-to-date practices and trends.3)Popularizing multilingual(dialect)phonetic science knowledge apps.In the process of collecting and editing knowledge,we should adopt the popular form,and focus on translating/editing the social news,at the same time,we should fully consider the ethnic traditional culture.For example,we can depend on the excellent traditional cultures of various ethnic groups that are consistent with the core socialist values,such as dance,opera,myth,etc.to disseminate new practices and trends,encourage people to live a civilized life and have the courage to pursue new practices and trends,make the core socialist values penetrate into people's heart,and guide people's life and production with the values.