C型尿钠肽的作用机制及其对动物生殖调控的研究进展

The mechanism of C-type natriuretic peptide and its research progress in animal reproductive regulation

C型尿钠肽(CNP)属于尿钠肽家族,其结构较为保守,在各种动物体内分布广泛,主要通过自分泌和旁分泌方式发挥生物学作用。C型尿钠肽受体NPR-B通过第二信使cGMP传递信号。CNP在动物生殖中发挥重要作用。在雄性动物中,CNP通过CNP/NPR-B/cGMP级联效应调节精子活力、促进生殖细胞发育、对阴茎勃起具有调节作用;在雌性动物中,CNP作为一种卵母细胞减数分裂抑制因子促进卵泡发育、增加促性腺激素刺激后的排卵数量。CNP作为双相体外前成熟系统的核心抑制剂大大提高卵母细胞体外成熟率。文章对CNP结构、功能和调控机制进行综述。

C-type natriuretic peptide(CNP) belongs to the natriuretic peptide family, which is conservative and widely distributed in various tissues of animals, acts predominantly by autocrine and paracrine secretion. Its receptor NPR-B transmits signals through the cGMP. CNP involved in various reproductive process. In male animals, CNP regulates sperm motility, promotes germ cell development and regulates male penile erection via CNP/NPR-B/cGMP cascade effect. In female animals, as an oocyte meiosis inhibitor, CNP promotes follicular development and increases the number of ovulations after gonadotropin stimulation. As the core inhibitor of biphasic in vitro prematuration system, CNP improved the in vitro maturation rate of oocytes prominently. The article reviews the structure, function and regulation mechanism of CNP.