基于小波与EMD的井下深孔爆破振动信号对比分析

Comparative analysis of the underground mine's deep-hole blasting vibration signals based on wavelet and EMD

通过某金矿井下深孔爆破振动测试,采集到爆破振动信号数据,分别运用小波和经验模态分解(EMD)对爆破振动信号进行分析,并对比研究爆破振动信号的小波能谱系数和EMD能量熵,得到信号主分量峰值频率。最后结合我国新的爆破振动安全判据对信号进行安全评估,并提出相关安全技术措施建议。结果表明,测点信号V(竖向)向小波能谱系数与EMD能量熵随频率降低呈先增后减趋势,而T向(横向)、L向(径向)变化趋势不一致。小波与EMD得到的测点信号V向主分量峰值频率相近,范围在29.10~44.84 Hz;T向、L向主分量峰值频率相差较大,范围在1.50~48.64 Hz。经评估,建议对采矿进路进行喷锚支护,运输巷道进行速喷支护,后期采空区进行块石和尾砂综合胶结充填处理。

Through the vibration tests of underground deep-hole blasting in a gold mine,the vibration signals are obtained.Wavelet and empirical mode decomposition(EMD)are used to analyze the signals,the wavelet energy spectrum coefficient and EMD energy entropy are comparative studied,and peak frequency of the main component of the signals were obtained.Finally,combining with the new blasting vibration safety criterion of our country,the safety assessments are carried out,and the relevant safety technical measures are proposed.The results show that with the decrease of frequency,the V direction(vertical)of wavelet energy spectrum coefficient and EMD energy entropy first increase and then decrease,while the T direction(horizontal)and L direction(radial)trends are different.The peak frequency of V direction obtained by wavelet and EMD are close,ranging from 29.10 Hz to 44.84 Hz;the peak frequency of T and L directions are quite different,ranging from 1.50 Hz to 48.64 Hz.It is suggested to carry out shotcrete and rock bolt support for the mining entrance,quick shotcreting support for the haulage roadway,and cemented filling of rubbles and tailings for the goaf.