疏离于古文运动之外——论王安石与欧阳修、曾巩的文学交游

Alienation from the Ancient Prose Movement:The Literary Communication between Wang Anshi and Ouyang Xiu、Zeng Gong

《宋史·文苑传》认为王安石和曾巩都对欧阳修倡导的古文运动“起而和之”。在分别考察王安石与欧阳修、曾巩的文学交游细节后,发现这一观点有待商榷。王安石与欧阳修的交游,以相互欣赏为基础,但一方面王安石未曾回应欧阳修所提的文学建议,另一方面也婉拒了欧公想要托付文坛衣钵的愿望。王安石与曾巩的交谊虽然深厚,但留下的相关诗文中真正讨论文学的内容却寥寥无几。相比之下,曾巩与欧阳修文学交游的种种细节,标明他才真正是古文运动的追随者和支持者,而王安石对欧阳修主导的古文运动实际上保持了一种疏离的姿态,或者说在北宋古文运动前期扮演了一个旁观者的角色。

Song History·Wen Yuan Biography believed that Wang Anshi and Zeng Gong supported Ouyang Xiu's ancient prose movement together.After studying the communication details of Wang Anshi and Ouyang Xiu、Zeng Gong respectively,this paper finds the view questionable.The friendship between Wang Anshi and Ouyang Xiu was based on mutual appreciation.But on the one hand,Wang Anshi did not respond to Ouyang Xiu's literary suggestions;on the other hand,he declined Ouyang's wish to entrust the literary mantle.Although the friendship between Wang Anshi and Zeng Gong was profound,there was little literature discussion in the related poems and essays.By contrast,Zeng Gong's interactions with Ouyang Xiu proved that Zeng Gong was indeed a follower and supporter of the ancient prose movement,Wang Anshi was alienated from the ancient prose movement.