吟讽妙句与规摹气格——论陆游对苏诗的研读与取法

On Lu You's Studying and Acquiring to Su Shi's Poems

南宋诗坛四大家之一的陆游尤其推崇苏轼的文章气节,尊之为千古正统。他对苏诗熟读暗诵、精心研索,这些深刻的感受与体悟为其取法苏诗提供了内在可能。从陆游的诗歌实践看,他不仅从字句上模拟苏诗,也从风格上进行追摹,特别是陆游的七古,雄豪逸丽、气高格畅,尤得力于苏诗。陆游之所以如此精心读苏、学苏,既有师友渊源之助,也与他本人继承苏轼“以气为主”的理念以及天性才分与苏轼相近有关。

Lu You,one of the four poets in the Southern Song Dynasty,praised Su Shi's works and respected it as an orthodox.Lu You read and studied Su's poems carefully,believing that Su's poems contained numerous ancient and contemporary allusions.From the perspective of poetry practice,Lu You had not only intrinsically inherited and changed Su's sentence structure but also subtly imitated Su's writing style and connotation.In particular,Lu's style was heroic,flowing and fresh,like Qi Gu,and also elegant and smooth,which were all inherited from the“Dongpo temperament”.The reason why Lu You read and learned Su so carefully is that he not only had the help of the teachers and friends,especially the Lv Benzhong's claim of learning Su's style,but also inherited and implemented Su's“Qi centered”view.