钙钛矿发光二极管的研究进展

Research progress of perovskite light-emitting diodes

金属卤化物钙钛矿材料是一类新兴的、潜力无限的半导体材料,具有成本低、高色彩饱和度、半峰宽窄(FWHM=20 nm)、带隙可调(380~1000 nm)、光致发光量子产率高、优异的电荷传输性能等优点,目前已在各种光电子领域得到了广泛的研究并取得了迅速发展,例如钙钛矿太阳能电池、钙钛矿发光二极管(Perovskite light emitting diodes,PeLEDs)、钙钛矿存储器、钙钛矿光探测器等。自2014年科研人员首次观察到室温下的钙钛矿材料的电致发光现象以来,绿光、红光和近红外钙钛矿电致发光二极管的外量子效率(EQE)发展迅速,目前均已突破20%。已经达到了和目前市场上工艺成熟的有机发光二极管相当的水平,发展最慢的蓝光PeLEDs的EQE也达到了10%以上。本文仅对钙钛矿电致发光二极管的材料特点、光电性能以及研究进展进行简单的介绍,以便读者对钙钛矿电致发光二极管有较好的了解。

Metal halide perovskite materials are a new class of semiconductor materials with unlimited potential.They have the advantages of low cost,high color saturation,narrow half-width(FWHM=20 nm),adjustable band gap(380~1000 nm).The study in advantages of high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)and excellent charge transport performance have been extensively researched in various optoelectronic fields and have achieved rapid development,such as perovskite solar cells,perovskite Perovskite light emitting diodes(PeLEDs),perovskite memory,perovskite photodetectors,etc.Since 2014,researchers have firstly observed the electroluminescence of perovskite materials at room temperature,the external quantum efficiency(EQE)of green light,red light and near-infrared perovskite electroluminescent diodes has developed rapidly,and has exceeded 20%.It has reached a level comparable to the mature organic light emitting diodes(OLEDs)on the market.Even the slowest-developing blue PeLEDs have an EQE of more than 10%.This article only briefly introduces the material characteristics,photoelectric properties and research progress of perovskite electroluminescent diodes,so that readers have a better understanding of perovskite electroluminescent diodes.