环境污染责任保险风险评价指标体系的构建

Risk Assessment Index System for Environmental Pollution Liability Insurance

该研究依据相关理论研究和风险形成机理,识别环境污染责任保险风险特征,采用专家打分法和因子分析法,建立了我国环境污染责任保险风险评价指标体系。结果表明,环境风险源、环境污染途径、环境风险暴露和环境风险表征等一级指标权重的接近,彰显了整个过程环境管理的重要性。环境污染途径的切断对降低环境风险最为重要,且常规管理和应急预案对环境风险的控制具有同效性。由于环境污染责任保险的目标是将工业污染所产生的环境成本内部化,因此强调在环境风险评价系统中引入生态和累积损害。中国的环境管理虽然从污染源控制转向环境质量改善,但应进一步以人类健康和生态完整为导向。

Based on the relevant theoretical research and the risk formation mechanism,the risk characteristics of environmental pollution liability insurance was identified.The environmental risk assessment index system for environmental pollution liability insurance in China was established by using the expert scoring and the factor analysis methods.The results showed that the weights of environmental risk sources,environmental pollution pathways,environmental risk exposure and environmental risk characterization were close to each other,thus indicating the importance of environmental management in the whole process.Cutting off the environmental pollution route was the most important way to reduce the environmental risk.The effect of conventional management was similar with the emergency plan for the environmental risk control.Because the goal of environmental pollution liability insurance was controlling the environmental costs generated by the industrial pollution,the introduction of ecological and cumulative damages into the environmental risk assessment system was highlighted.Although the environmental management changed from the pollution source control to the environmental quality improvement in China,it should be further oriented by the human health and ecological integrity.