铁路桥梁球型支座基本力学性能试验结果分析

Analysis of Basic Mechanical Performances Test Results for Spherical Bearings of Railway Bridge

为了解目前行业内铁路桥梁球型支座的基本力学性能水平,选取2017年—2019年共计150个球型支座样本进行竖向承载力试验、活动支座摩擦因数试验、支座转动力矩试验,分析竖向压缩变形、平面摩擦因数、球面摩擦因数3项技术指标。结果表明:球型支座的竖向压缩变形及平面摩擦因数的质量控制普遍稳定;球面摩擦因数波动较大,有超出设计要求的风险;同一球型支座的球面摩擦因数普遍高于平面摩擦因数。球面摩擦因数高于平面摩擦因数的原因有:球型支座转动中心与压转板转动中心不一致;摩擦因数与压应力成反比,凹球面滑板的面积比平面滑板大;凸球面不锈钢板的轮廓度质量控制较差,球冠衬板球面半径加工存在正偏差。

In order to understand the basic mechanical performance level of spherical bearings for railway bridges in the industry,a total of 150 spherical bearing samples from 2017 to 2019 were selected for vertical bearing capacity test,friction coefficient test of movable bearing and rotation moment test of bearing,and three technical indexes of vertical compression deformation,plane friction coefficient and spherical friction coefficient were analyzed.The results show that the quality control of vertical compression deformation and plane friction coefficient of spherical bearing is generally stable.The spherical friction coefficient fluctuates greatly,which has the risk of exceeding the design requirements.The spherical friction coefficient of the same spherical bearing is generally higher than the plane friction coefficient.The reasons for the spherical friction coefficient higher than the plane friction coefficient are as follows:the rotation center of spherical bearing is inconsistent with that of rotary pressure plate.The friction coefficient is inversely proportional to the compressive stress,and the area of concave spherical sliding plate is larger than that of plane sliding plate.The profile quality control of convex spherical stainless steel plate is poor,and the spherical radius machining of spherical cap liner has positive deviation.