支拄颓澜、真朴胜人的嘉定文派--以娄坚“救时心”的文论与创作为中心

The Jiading Literary School's Efforts to Change the LiteraryAtmosphere with Sincere and Touching Work--Centering on Lou Jian's Literary Theory and Creation

娄坚是晚明"文章正宗"脉络中的一员,他继承归有光古文衣钵,说服钱谦益有所担当、光大嘉定古学、摧陷廓清前后七子剽摹与竟陵派幽仄之风。黄宗羲、王士禛、四库馆臣诸文史大家均给予高度评价和赞誉,认为娄坚能支拄于七子、钟谭沧海横流之时,针砭俗学,卓然名家,古文为"嘉定四先生"之冠。娄坚论文不以时代为限,强调自得、真性情,以实学为古文根柢,讲求六经史迁韩欧之道。他的古文纡余唱叹、和平渊雅、真朴胜人,得力于以经史为文章根本的理念与合道德行谊为一的品性。他以理论和实践致力于传承古文真脉,变浮靡为平实,扭剽窃为自得,斥空疏主朴学,为明末古文正本清源和明朗健康的发展做出了贡献。

As a member of the historical school of“Authentic Articles”in the late Ming Dynasty,Lou Jian inherited the essence of Gui Youguang's articles,persuading Qian Qianyi to take the lead for the Jiading classical literary,promoting ancient academics while fighting against plagiarism which is epidemic in Seven Retro Literature School and unhealthily gloominess which is characteristic of Jingling School.Thus,Lou Jian's efforts in this respect were highly praised by Huang Zongxi,Wang Shizhen,and editor of Siku Quanshu.They recognized Lou Jian as a celebrated critic of literature fashion at a time when the Seven Retro Literature School and Jingling School dominated the literary world.They also recognized his article as the best one of the“Four Respectable People in Jiading”.Lou Jian emphasized originality and true temperament of works,believing the quality of articles should not be confined by the era,promoting the practice of drawing on classical academic tradition and Confucianism of Han Yu and Ouyang Xiu as the root of articles.His works are thereby euphemistic,peaceful and elegant,sincere and touching,which are derived from the philosophy of taking classics and history as the foundation of the article,a true reflection of his moral character of ethics and behavior.He devoted himself to inheriting the true classical literary with theory and practice,turning superficiality into succinctness,turning plagiarism into self-creation,turning the emptiness into simplicity and honesty,and making his contribution to the development of the original and bright and healthy literature in the late Ming Dynasty.