恢复高考以来高等教育入学机会家庭背景差异的变化趋势——基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据的实证分析

An Empirical Analysis on the Evolution of the Enrollment Opportunities Gap Caused by Social Background Since College Entrance Examination Restoration:Based on China Comprehensive Social Survey(CGSS)Data

文章基于中国综合社会调查CGSS2010、CGSS2013和CGSS2015等三个年度的数据,采用二元Logistic回归分析来探索恢复高考以来家庭经济背景和家庭文化背景对高等教育入学机会影响的演变趋势。研究发现:1978-2015年,高校扩招对缩小入学机会的家庭文化背景差异作用有限,家庭经济背景导致的入学机会差异在专科教育层次有了较大程度的缩小,但扩招并未明显改善本科教育层次入学机会的家庭经济背景差异。

Based on the data of CGSS2010,CGSS2013 and CGSS2015,this paper used the binary logistic regression analysis to explore the evolution trend of the impact of family cultural and economic background on higher education entrance opportunities since the college entrance examination was restored.It was found that in the past nearly 40 years from 1978 to 2015,college expansion has limited effect on the reduction of differences of enrollment opportunities caused by family cultural background.The difference in enrollment opportunities brought by family economic background has been reduced to a large extent at the level of junior college education,while has not significantly improved the undergraduate education level of the family economic background differences.