生物菌肥施用对温室辣椒光合特性、产量和品质的影响

Effects of Microbial Fertilizer Application on Photosynthetic Characteristics, Yield and Quality of Greenhouse Pepper

以温室辣椒为试验材料,采用常规测定方法,研究了不同施肥处理对辣椒光合特征、产量和品质的影响,以期为辣椒合理施肥提供参考依据。结果表明:随着生物菌肥替代化肥量增加,辣椒株高、株幅、果长、果粗、单果质量、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、维生素C含量、辣椒素含量和可溶性糖含量呈上升趋势,胞间CO2浓度呈下降趋势。与CK相比,SQH10、SQH20、SQH30和SQH40的辣椒株高分别提高10.75%、16.26%、17.47%和16.67%,株幅分别提高2.92%、5.86%、6.30%和5.56%,单果质量分别提高3.34%、12.86%、12.72%和12.69%,净光合速率分别提高10.80%、17.43%、18.65%和16.59%,产量分别提高13.74%、27.34%、28.76%和28.56%,维生素C含量分别提高6.40%、11.71%、11.05%和8.35%,辣椒素含量分别提高4.69%、7.17%、7.03%和6.59%,可溶性糖含量分别提高5.56%、10.94%、10.28%和10.40%。综上所述,生物菌肥配施提高了辣椒生长性能、光合特性和产量,改善了品质,处理SQH30的辣椒生长性能、光合特性、产量和品质最佳,即生物菌肥替代化肥量30%,应在实际生产中推广。

Taking greenhouse pepper as materials,the photosynthetic characteristics,yield and quality of pepper under different fertilization treatments were studied by using conventional determination method,in order to provide scientific basis for rational fertilization of pepper.The results showed that with the increase of the amount of biological fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer,the plant height,plant width,fruit length,fruit thickness,single fruit weight,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,vitamin C content,capsaicin content and soluble sugar content showed an upward trend,and the intercellular CO2 concentration showed a downward trend.Compared with CK,the plant height of peppers in SQH10,SQH20,SQH30 and SQH40 increased by 10.75%,16.26%,17.47% and 16.67% respectively,the plant width increased by 2.92%,5.86%,6.30% and 5.56% respectively,and the single fruit weight increased 3.34%,12.86%,12.72% and 12.69%,the net photosynthetic rate increased by 10.80%,17.43%,18.65% and 16.59% respectively,the output increased by 13.74%,27.34%,28.76% and 28.56%,and the vitamin C content increased by 6.40%,11.71%,11.05% and 8.35%,capsaicin content increased by 4.69%,7.17%,7.03% and 6.59%,soluble sugar content increased by 5.56%,10.94%,10.28% and 10.40%.In summary,the combined application of biological bacterial fertilizer improved the growth performance,photosynthetic characteristics and yield of pepper,and improved the quality.The growth performance,photosynthetic characteristics,yield and quality of pepper treated with SQH30 were the best,that was,the biological bacterial fertilizer replaces the chemical fertilizer by 30%,should be promoted in actual production.