北京市松山国家级自然保护区典型植被群落的土壤微生物群落结构特征

Soil Microbial Structure Characteristics of Typical Vegetation Communities in Beijing City Songshan National Nature Reserve

土壤微生物群落结构是影响生态系统养分循环的重要因素之一。该研究选取北京市松山国家级自然保护区内胡桃楸阔叶林、蒙古栎阔叶林、油松针叶林、针阔叶混交林、灌丛和草甸6种典型植被类型下的土壤,基于野外调查、采样与实验室分析对不同植被类型下土壤微生物群落结构进行了研究。结果表明:胡桃楸阔叶林土壤细菌和真菌特有的OTUs和Alpha多样性均最高,细菌和真菌OTUs最低值则分别出现在针阔叶混交林和灌丛土壤,Alpha多样性最低值出现在蒙古栎阔叶林;土壤细菌群落主要为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria),真菌群落以担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和子囊菌门(Ascomycota)为主。土壤pH、含水量和土壤温度会影响土壤细菌和真菌的丰富度与多样性。该研究为松山国家级自然保护区内土壤微生物资源保护及其生态功能的研究提供参考依据。

Soil microbial community structure is one of the important factors influencing nutrient cycle in ecosystem.Taking soils of six kinds of typical vegetations in Beijing city Songshan National Nature Reserve as research subjects,included Juglans mandshurica forest,Quercus mongolica forest,Pinus tabuliformis forest,mixed coniferous broad leaved forest,brushwood and meadow,and studied community structure of soil microbial in different vegetation types by field sampling and laboratory analysis.The results showed that,the specific OTUs and Alpha diversity of soil bacterial and fungi in Juglans mandshurica were the highest.The lowest OTUs of soil bacterial and fungi were in mixed coniferous broad-leaved forest and brushwood and the lowest Alpha diversity of bacterial and fungi was in Quercus mongolica.The bacterial communities mainly were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria,and the main fungi communities were BasidiomycotaandAscomycota.Soil pH,moisture and temperature affect the richness and diversity of bacteria and fungi.This study provides a effective reference for researches of soil microbial resources protection and ecological function in Songshan National Nature Reserve.