外源四环素类抗生素对土壤微生物多样性的影响

Effects of Exogenous Tetracycline Antibiotics on Soil Microbial Diversity

为明确四环素类抗生素进入土壤后对土壤微生物群落多样性及丰富度的影响,通过模拟残留在畜禽粪便中的四环素类抗生素进入土壤的过程,设置添加和未添加抗生素2个处理,在第10、30、90天采集土壤样品,使用高通量测序方法研究土壤微生物群落多样性和丰富度的变化情况。结果表明:添加四环素类抗生素处理的细菌群落多样性指数比未添加抗生素处理降低了0.10~0.48个单位。添加抗生素处理变形菌门、绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门和疣微菌门的相对丰度均低于未添加抗生素处理,降低幅度在0.30%~5.37%;其它门类添加与未添加抗生素处理相对丰度高低波动较大。随时间推移,2个处理属水平群落相对丰度均呈下降趋势,且添加抗生素处理下降速度较快。30 d前添加抗生素处理真菌多样性比未添加抗生素处理升高了0.89、0.97个单位,90 d相反。由此可知,四环素类抗生素会降低土壤细菌群落的多样性,改变细菌群落的丰富度,随着时间的推移影响程度逐渐减小;四环素类抗生素增加了土壤真菌群落的多样性。

To determine the impact of tetracycline antibiotics on soil microbial community diversity and richness,by simulating the process of tetracycline antibiotics remaining in livestock and poultry dung entering the soil,two treatments were set up,adding antibiotics and not adding antibiotics,soil samples were collected on the 10,30 days and 90 days,and changes in soil microbial community diversity and richness were studied using high-throughput sequencing method.The results showed that,the diversity index of bacterial community treated with tetracycline antibiotics was 0.10-0.48 units lower than that treated without antibiotics.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi,Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia treated with antibiotics was lower than that treated without antibiotics,with a decrease range of 0.30%-5.37%.The relative abundance of other classes fluctuated greatly with and without the addition of antibiotics.With the passage of time,the relative abundance of the two treated gene-level communities showed a decreasing trend,and the rate of decline was faster when antibiotics were added.The diversity of fungal treated with antibiotics before 30 days increased by 0.89 and 0.97 units compared with those treated without antibiotics,and the opposite was true on 90 days.It can be seen that,tetracycline antibiotics would reduce the diversity of soil bacterial community,change the richness of bacterial community,and with the passage of time,the influence degree gradually decreases and decreases.Tetracycline antibiotics increased the diversity of soil fungal communities.