机器学习在地震预测中的应用进展

Recent Progress of Earthquake Prediction with Machine Learning

机器学习(Machine Learning,ML),特别是深度学习(Deep Learning,DL),在最近几年发展迅速,在数据挖掘、计算机视觉、自然语言处理、数据特征提取和预测等方面的应用中取得了令人振奋的进展。地震预测是复杂、涉及面广、不成熟而且充满争议的科学问题;其发展受到尚不清楚的地震机理和孕震结构、不完备的观测数据与真伪不清的地震现象等方面的限制。但是,机器学习有可能改善复杂地震数据的挖掘和发现,推动地震预测科学的发展。本文回顾了机器学习在地震预测的应用,包括强震、强余震和岩石破裂失稳等方面的预测,并展望了机器学习在地震预测方面的研究趋势。

Machine learning(ML),especially deep learning(DL),has developed rapidly in recent years,which has made exciting progress in many applications such as data mining,computer vision,natural language processing,data feature extraction and prediction.Earthquake prediction is a complex,wide-ranging,immature,and controversial scientific issue.Its development is limited by unclear earthquake mechanisms and seismogenic structures,incomplete observation data,and unclear earthquake phenomena.However,machine learning may improve the mining and discovery of complex seismic data and promote the development of earthquake prediction science.This article reviews the application of machine learning in earthquake prediction,including the prediction of big earthquakes,big aftershocks and rock experimental fractures,finally looks forward to the research trends of machine learning in earthquake prediction.