城市非正规景观结构与生产机制研究--以宁波大学南门口非正规集聚为例

Research on Urban Informal Landscape Structure and Production Mechanism:Take the Informal Gathering at the South Gate of Ningbo University as an Example

城市非正规景观是快速城市化进程中产生的一种独特地域现象:贫困人群涌向城市,自发集聚于城市边缘地区,形成贫民窟、棚户区和城中村等。虽然与都市现代性格格不入,但已成为贫困人群融入城市的路径,是城市发展不可或缺的部分。以中国东部沿海发达城市的非正规景观--宁波大学南门口非正规景观为研究对象,运用实地访谈法、问卷调查法和观察法等方法分别于2012、2014和2019年进行观察研究。发现:(1)非正规景观易出现在发展快速但不平衡的城市边缘地区,如城乡结合部、行政管理灰色地带等;(2)非正规景观由非正规就业者、消费者和非正规管理三大主体在不断博弈中创造而成;(3)非正规景观内生的社会弹性将促使其以不同形态继续发展,逐渐走向规范化,与正规景观共生。

Urban informal gathering landscape is a unique phenomenon of urban geographical space in the rapid urbanization:plenty of poor people are flooding to the metropolis and spontaneously gathering in marginal urban areas,like slums,shantytowns and urban villages.Although it is contrary to the bustling city,it has become a door for the poor to integrate into urban,which is an indispensable part of urban development.In this paper,it observes the informal gathering landscape near the university in the eastern coastal city of China-the informal gathering landscape of the south gate of Ningbo University.Using field interviews,questionnaires and observation to observe respectively in 2012,2014 and 2019.The study finds that:(1)informal landscape easily appears in the rapid development but unbalanced urban fringe areas such as the marginal urban areas and gray areas of administration;(2)informal landscape is produced by the three mains including informal employees,consumers and managers,which create synergies from the game;(3)informal social landscape with social resilience will continue developing and standardizing gradually in different forms,which symbiosis with the formal landscape.