枣种质资源叶表型性状遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity of Leaf Phenotypic Traits in Jujube Germplasm Resources

【目的】研究物种的稳定性和进化潜能,利于优异资源的筛选和开发利用提供数据基础和理论依据,也为引种和资源筛选提供指导。【方法】采用一般描述性统计、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等统计学方法,对塔里木大学枣种质资源圃177份材料12个叶表型性状的多样性进行分析。【结果】(1)枣叶片以卵圆形、叶尖钝尖、叶基圆形、叶缘钝齿类型居多,shannon-wiener多样性指数范围为0.2~1.22。(2)数值型性状的变异系数介于9.30%~42.79%,平均变异系数为23.59%。(3)主成分分析中叶片宽度-叶片长度-叶面积因子这一特征向量的贡献率为23.04%。(4)综合描述性状与数量性状,将其分为6大类群,充分反映各资源之间的亲属关系。【结论】177份枣种质资源的叶性状具有较为丰富的表型。叶基性状、叶片形状、锯齿数、锯齿高度、叶面积和叶周长在种群间的差异较大,进化潜力更大,是枣多样性分析的主要依据。

【Objective】To understand the stability and evolutionary potential of species and to provide data and theoretical basis for the selection and development of excellent resources.【Methods】The statistical methods of general descriptive statistics correlation analysis principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze the diversity of 12 leaf phenotypic traits of 177 materials of jujube germplasm resource garden in Tarim University.【Results】(1)The jujube leaves were mostly oval blunt-pointed rounded at the base of the leaves and blunt-toothed at the leaf margins.The Shannon-wiener diversity index ranged from 0.2 to 1.22.(2)The coefficient of variation of numerical traits ranged from 9.30%to 42.79%and the average coefficient of variation was 23.59%.(3)The contribution rate of the feature vector of leaf width-leaf length-leaf area factor in principal component analysis was 23.04%.(4)Comprehensive descriptive traits and quantitative traits,which were divided into six groups,fully reflected the kinship relationship between resources【Conclusion】The leaf traits of 177 jujube germplasm resources are abundant in phenotype.Leaf basal shape,leaf shape,sawtooth number of serrations on leaf margin,height of blade margin serration,leaf area and leaf circumference differ greatly among populations,and the evolutionary potential is greater,which are the main basis for jujube diversity analysis and can also provide guidance for introduction and resource screening.