开都河新疆裸重唇鱼生物学特性

Biology on Gymnodiptychus dybowskii in Kaidu River

【目的】研究开都河新疆裸重唇鱼的系统生物学。【方法】2017~2019年通过采集开都河新疆裸重唇鱼,运用经典生物学方法,观测其分类形态、分析年龄与生长,研究生物学特性。【结果】开都河新疆裸重唇鱼,形态特征与其他水系差异小,体背色泽差异较大;年龄范围1~8+,均值为5.08±0.17+,不符合正态分布,个体优势年龄6+;体长和体重均值分别为(16.76±5.66)cm和(71.56±5.66)g,不符合正态分布;体长和体重相关方程为:W总=0.0519L2.4665(R2=0.9327),属异速生长;体长与其他性状成直线相关;新疆裸重唇鱼渐进体长L∞=37.72 cm,生长系数k=0.1338,W∞=375.77 g,t 0=-1.75,ti=7.03+;种群总体(n=139)体长和体重生长方程为:Lt=37.72(1-e-0.1338(t+1.75))和Wt=375.77(1-e-0.1338(t+1.75))2.4665。种群总体成熟系数和丰满度:GSI=7.85±1.03和K=1.70±0.84。【结论】开都河新疆裸重唇鱼栖息于上游段,喜冷水,外形色泽不同,年龄组成较大,异速生长,适应性较强,生长性状较稳定,拐点年龄较大,生长缓慢,资源锐减。

【Objective】To research the biology of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii Kessler in Kaidu river.【Method】From 2017 to 2019,Gymnodiptychus dybowskii were collected,their classification patterns were observed,their age and growth were analyzed and their biological characteristics were studied by using traditional biological methods.【Result】The morphological characteristics of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii in Kaidu River are slightly different from those of other water systems,and the color of body back was quite different;the age range was 1-8+,the mean value was 5.08±0.17+,which did not accord with the normal distribution,and the individual dominant age was 6+;The average body length and weight were(16.76±5.66)cm and(71.56±5.66)g,respectively,which did not conform to the normal distribution.Length and weight relationships:W=0.0519L2.4665(R2=0.9327),belongs to heterogenic growth;Body length was linearly related to others.Progressive length L∞=37.72 cm,the coefficient of growth k=0.1338,W∞=375.77 g,t 0=-1.75,ti=7.03+.The progressive length and weight growth relationship of the population(n=139):Lt=37.72(1-e-0.1338(t+1.75)),and Wt=375.77(1-e-0.1338(t+1.75))2.4665.GSI of the population and fullness:GSI=7.85±1.03,K=1.70±0.84.【Conclusion】Gymnodiptychus dybowskii inhabits the upper reaches,and likes cold water,has different appearance and color,the age composition is older,belonging to heterogenic growth with strong adaptability.It has s Table growth characteristics,the inflection point age is bigge,the growth is slow and the resource drops sharply,so it is necessary to carry out the planning of the fishery function area of Kaidu River and strengthen the dynamic balance of the fishery.