数理统计在地球化学样品分析质量控制中的应用

Application of Mathematical Statistics in Quality Control for Geochemical Samples Analysis

使用Excel2013和Minitab两种常用软件对地球化学样品中CaO含量分布情况进行了研究,运用描述性统计、正态分布、背景值与异常方法对实验室分析的广西某地地球化学样品的分析数据进行了质量评价,结果表明:综合运用计算机软件和数理统计方法,能快速找到分析数据的详细信息和数据特征,判别地球化学样品实验室分析数据的准确性,找出元素的背景值和异常值并剔除异常值,比较发现,样品中CaO含量分析数据对数转换后比原始数据的分布更趋于正态分布,相比于X射线荧光光谱方法,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定的结果更符合正态分布。方法对地球化学调查样品的分析数据质量评价作了有益的尝试,揭示了数理统计方法是地球化学样品分析质量控制的有效手段。

The CaO content distribution of geochemical samples was investigated by using Excel2013 and Minitab software.The quality estimation of analysis data for geochemical samples in Guangxi province was made by using descriptive statistics,normal distribution,background values and anomalies methods.The results indicated that computer software and mathematical statistics methods could be used to quickly find the detailed information and characteristics of the analytical data,judge the accuracy of laboratory analysis data of geochemical sample,and find out the background and abnormal values of elements and eliminated the abnormal values.The result of the normal distribution test indicated that the analysis data of the trace elements need a logarithmic conversion before the normal distribution could be studied.compared with the X fluorescence method,the results measured by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy are more consistent with the normal distribution.It was a valuable attempt to evaluate the quality of analysis data for the geochemical samples by using the method reported in this paper.It was also revealed that mathematical statistics is one of the effective methods for quality control of geochemical sample analysis.