马王堆帛书《春秋事语》的论证分析——兼论出土文献的逻辑史价值

An Argument Analysis of the Mawangdui Silk Manuscript Chun Qiu Shi Yu ——On the Value of Unearthed Literature in the Research of the History of Logic

中国逻辑史研究一直以传世文献为核心史料,缺乏对出土文献的重视。然而,出土文献对中国学术史研究的冲击也将对中国逻辑史研究产生影响,特别是先秦逻辑史研究。本文以马王堆汉墓帛书《春秋事语》所载论证实践为例,揭示了其中常见的论证模式以及论证主体因素对于论证说服力的影响。这种对出土文献的论证分析不仅有助于了解先秦时人的论证活动,而且可以促进对相关传世文献的理解,同时也拓展了中国逻辑史的史料范围。

The study of the history of Chinese logic has been using extant literature ever passed down as the main historical materials and missed out on the unearthed literature in view of its value. However, unearthed literature, having already impacted the study of Chinese academic history, will also exert its influence on the study of the history of Chinese logic, especially the study of the history of logic in the Pre-Qin Period. Taking the argumentative practices in the Mawangdui Silk ManuscriptChun Qiu Shi Yu as examples, this paper attempts to reveal the frequently employed argumentative patterns as well as to demonstrate how argumentation participants can have an influence on the efficacy of arguments. In so doing, it will not only help to better understand how people argue in the Pre-Qin Period but also contribute to a better understanding of relevant passed-down literature and at the same time expand the scope of materials for the history of Chinese logic.