珠三角工业型城市制造业生产空间演变特征及其对绿地空间变化影响研究——以东莞为例

Research on the Evolution Characteristics of Manufacturing Production Space in Industrial Cities of Pearl River Delta and Its Impact on Green Space Change:A Case Study of Dongguan

过去20多年以来,珠三角工业型城市东莞的制造业生产空间呈现显著的空间扩展和面积增长的态势(净增加300.3 km^2),前期增长的速率和增长热点区的范围远远大于后期,增长热点区也由前期主要受经济社会综合发展水平影响转变为受政策引导、大事件等硬调控影响。同时,城市绿地空间明显缩减和面积减少(净减少260.7 km^2)的态势也呈现相似的特征变化:前期减少的速率和范围远远小于后期。制造业侵占绿地空间的速率从1995年(1.7 km^2/年)开始缓慢上升到2005年(10.2 km^2/年)时达到最大、然后逐步减小至2015年的3.1 km^2/年,侵占的绿地空间面积占整体减少面积的40%。大量绿地空间被制造业侵占,虽然少部分废弃的制造业生产空间已有被绿化,但目前,东莞废弃的制造业生产空间已以每年1.7 km^2的速度在增加。由废弃的制造业生产空间而产生的大量城市困难立地,是城市环境优化可持续健康发展的巨大潜在空间,急需得到相关部门的重视,特别是原属于高污染类产业的厂房,更需要通过精确连续的数据监测、精准化的单独分类、更高环保治理标准的制订,来进行城市困难立地绿化。

Over the past 20 years,the manufacturing production space of Dongguan,an industrial city in the Pearl River Delta,has shown a significant trend of spatial expansion and area growth(a net increase of 300.3 km^2).The growth rates and the range of hot spots in the early stage are much larger than those in the later stage.The growth desirable spot area is mainly affected by the comprehensive economic and social development level early and later influenced by policy guidance,significant events,and other rigid regulation.Simultaneously,the trend of urban green space reduction and area reduction(net decrease of 260.7 km^2)also present similar characteristics:The reduction rate and range of the early stage are far less than those in the later stage.The quality of green space occupied by the manufacturing industry increased slowly from 1.7 km^2/year in 1995 to 10.2 km^2/year in 2005 and gradually decreased to 3.1 km^2/year in 2015,accounting for 40%of the total reduction.The manufacturing industry has occupied a large number of green spaces.A small part of the abandoned manufacturing production spaces has been re-greened,it has been increasing at a rate of 1.7 km^2 per year in Dongguan at the current stage.Challenging urban sites produced by the abandoned manufacturing production spaces have a great potential in the sustainable development of the urban environment optimization,which needs to be paid more attention by the relevant departments.An area like the high pollution industries’produce space before greening requires more accurate continuous data monitoring,sound classification,and higher environmental standards.