风电电站无线专网基站选址的研究与应用

Research and Application of Site Selection for Wireless Private Network Base Station in Wind Farm

随着1.8 GHz、230 MHz、2.4 G/5.8 GHz免授权频段等长期演进技术(Long Term Evolution,LTE)宽带无线通信专网在电力行业被广泛应用,传统的基站选址模式在山地电站和海上电站等风电电站场景下建设成本高、难度大、周期长等问题日益突出。文章针对风电电站行业的特点,利用风机自身高度优势,提出利用风机作为基站选址,对基站和天馈系统部署在风机的可行性进行研究和应用实现。为风电行业提供了一种有效的无线通信基站选址,并解决天线选型安装、频拉远单元(Remote Radio Unit,RRU)设备安装供电、馈线走线、防水、防雷和抗风等基站建设实施问题,且在实际项目中交付验证。通过链路预算,在平原(含内陆水面)和山地2种地形下,相较其他传统基站选址,覆盖小区半径提升至少40%以上的覆盖能力,并最大程度降低基站建设成本、缩短建设周期、解决了设备物质防盗难题。为LTE无线专网在风电行业的推广应用奠定坚实基础,助力智能电网建设。

With 1.8 GHz,230 MHz,2.4 G/5.8 GHz unlicensed frequency bands and other LTE broadband wireless communication private networks widely used in the power industry,the traditional site selection mode such as using existing buildings and new tower to set up base station mode has caused problems in wind farm construction scenarios such as mountain and offshore power stations,including high-cost,difficulty,and long period etc.Base station location has become a critical issue in the construction of mobile base stations in the wind power industry.With the characteristics of the wind power industry and taking advantage of the height of wind turbine,this paper proposes a method of using wind turbine as the location of the base station.The feasibility and application of deploying base station and the antenna feeder system in the wind turbine is illustrated.An effective wireless communication base station site selection method for the wind power industry is provided,the problems of base station construction such as antenna selection and installation,RRU equipment installation and power supply,feeder routing,waterproof,lightning protection and wind resistance are solved.The proposed method has been verified in actual projects.Through the link budget,in plain(including inland water surface)and mountainous terrain,compared with other traditional site selection,the coverage cell radius has increased by at least 40%,and the base station construction cost is reduced at most and construction cycle is shortened,and the equipment material anti-theft problem is solved.It has important engineering value and economic value,and lays a solid foundation for the promotion and application of wireless private networks in the wind power industry,facilitating the smart grid construction.