白芍的化学成分和药理作用研究进展

Research Progress of Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Action of Paeonia tactilora Pall.

白芍为毛茛科植物芍药的干燥根,具有养血调经,敛阴止汗,柔肝止痛,平抑肝阳之功效,临床应用广泛。综述了近几年白芍化学成分和药理研究的文章,发现白芍的化学成分主要为挥发油类、单萜类、三萜类及黄酮类化合物等,以芍药苷和芍药内酯苷为代表的单萜及其苷类成分是白芍中公认的药效物质,以前者含有量最高,为质量控制指标成分;药理作用广泛,具有抗炎镇痛、抗抑郁、抗癌、抗血栓、降血脂、降糖、保肝、改善心肌肥厚、改善骨关节炎、改善斜视性弱视、改善缺血再灌注的影响、通便、还具有减毒增效的作用,同时对口腔扁平苔藓、硬皮症、高泌乳血症具有治疗作用。

Paeonia tactilora Pall.(Paeonia alba)is the dry root of Paeonia in Ranunculaceae.It has the functions of nourishing blood and regulating meridians,gathering yin and stopping perspiration,softening Liver and relieving pain,as well as calming Liver-yang.This study reviewed the chemical constituents and pharmacological studies of Paeonia alba in recent years.It is found that the chemical constituents of Paeonia alba mainly include volatile oils,monoterpenes,triterpenes and flavonoids.The monoterpenes and their glycosides represented by paeoniflorin and paeoniflorin are generally recognized as effective substances in Paeonia alba,and paeoniflorin has the highest content and is the quality control index.Paeonia alba has a wide range of pharmacological effects of anti-inflammatory and analgesia,anti-depression,anti-cancer,anti-thrombus,reducing blood lipid and blood sugar,protecting liver,as well as improving myocardial hypertrophy,osteoarthritis,strabismus amblyopia and the influence of ischemia-reperfusion;it has effect on defecation,reducing toxicity and increasing efficiency,and it also has the therapeutic effect on oral lichen planus,scleroderma and hyperlactatemia.