算法权力及其政治建构

Algorithmic Power and Its Political Construction

资本与政治是算法权力的形塑者,不同的权力主体生成差异化的算法权力效益。从主流政治主体看,算法权力是智能治理时代政治权力的技术延伸,它延伸了治理者的权力意志和政治意识,其嵌入社会治理具有政治内嵌的方法论意义、获得“肯定性权力”的价值基础与推动治理转型的强大动力。算法权力使政治主体在治理算法化基础上进行政治建构。算法治理能有效、精准地建立社会议题,提高政府决策的科学性,培养参与型政治文化,以实现政治参与的功能建构。政治权力主体能通过算法分析建构符合公民认知偏好的主流话语输出体系,通过对非主流算法权力进行权力收编以巩固主流政治话语权,通过算法推荐进行主流政治话语的有效传播,进而实现算法权力对政治话语的构型。算法权力延伸了政治权力的意识形态合法性、社会认同基础与强制性的权力保障,以制度化与非制度化相结合的方式实现制度权威建构。从主流政治主体立场出发,算法权力成为政治发展的智能技术力量,其对主流政治的建构意义不能因其可能存在技术异化风险而被淡化或忽视。

Capital and politics are the shapers of algorithmic power,and different power subjects generate differentiated algorithmic power benefits.From the perspective of mainstream political subjects,algorithmic power is a technical extension of political power in the era of intelligent governance.It extends the governor's will of power and political consciousness,and its embedding in social governance has politically embedded methodological significance,gains a value basis for“affirmative power”and a powerful driving force for the transformation of governance.Algorithmic power enables political subjects to carry out political construction on the basis of algorithmic governance.Algorithmic governance can effectively and accurately establish social issues,improve the scientific nature of government decision-making,and cultivate a participatory political culture to achieve the functional construction of political participation.The subject of political power can construct a mainstream discourse output system that conforms to citizens'cognitive preferences through algorithmic analysis,consolidate mainstream political discourse power by incorporating non-mainstream algorithmic power,and effectively spread mainstream political discourse through algorithmic recommendations,thereby realizing the configuration of algorithmic power on political discourse.Algorithmic power extends the political power's ideological legitimacy,social identity basis and mandatory power guarantee,and achieves the construction of institutional authority by combining institutionalization and non-institutionalization.From the standpoint of mainstream political subjects,algorithmic power has become an intelligent technological force for political development,and its significance in the construction of mainstream politics cannot be downplayed or ignored because of the possible risk of technological alienation.