架空线路耐张线夹典型故障分析

Analysis of Typical Failures of Strain Clamps for Overhead Lines

耐张线夹在电力系统架空线路中被广泛使用,但在施工和运行过程中暴露出型号误用、安装不到位、握力不足、导线滑脱等问题。对常用4种型式耐张线夹的特点进行了分析,归纳了耐张线夹型号误用、安装失误、发热、变形或断裂、握力不足等常见问题并分析了其原因。对某耐张线夹故障案例进行研究,发现故障主要原因包括热胀冷缩、变形及断裂和自身缺陷。针对耐张线夹常见问题提出了从材料、结构、规范3个方面改进现有耐张线夹的建议。

Strain clamps are widely used in overhead lines in power systems.However,a large number of problems such as model misuse,inadequate installation,insufficient grip,and wire slippage have been exposed during construction and operation.The characteristics of four types of commonly used strain clamps were analyzed.The misuse and installation errors of strain clamps,heating,deformation or fracture of the clamps,insufficient grip and other common problems were summarized,and the reasons were analyzed.Based on the case study of a strain clamp fault,it was found that the main causes of the fault include thermal expansion,cold contraction,deformation,fracture and self-defects.In view of the common problems of strain clamps,suggestions for improving the existing strain clamps in terms of materials,structure and specifications were proposed.