后疫情时代航运业船员权益的法律保障

Legal Protection of Seafarers’Rights and Interests of Shipping Industry in the Post-Pandemic Era

随着新冠肺炎疫情在全球范围内不断蔓延,航运业的发展遭遇各种挑战与风险,船员的健康权益和劳动权益也受到了损害。一方面受疫情影响各国防控措施不断升级,客观上影响了船舶靠岸、船员换班,另一方面则是船员劳动权益法律体系与救助制度自身存在漏洞。基于国际海洋法框架下船员权益的保障条款和相关国家责任,国际海事组织、国际劳工组织和世界卫生组织等相关国际组织就疫情影响下的船员工作履约及救助问题作出了指导性建议。后疫情时代的航运界应建立完善的船员权益法律体系的构建,保障船员合法权益,保证船员身心健康,为船员营造一个良好的工作环境和氛围,提高船员社会地位,推动航运业的良性发展与运转。

As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads around the world,it poses various challenges and risks to the development of the shipping industry,which has also harmed the health and labor rights of seafarers.As a result of the epidemic,countries continue to upgrade their prevention and control measures,which objectively affects the docking of ships and the shift changes of seafarers;meanwhile,there exist loopholes in the legal system and assistance system of seafarers’labor rights and interests.Based on the provisions on the protection of seafarers’rights and interests under the framework of the international laws of the sea and relevant state responsibilities,international organizations such as the International Maritime Organization(IMO),the International Labour Organization(ILO)and the World Health Organization(WHO)have issued guidance on issues related to seafarer performance and assistance under the impact of the pandemic.For the shipping industry in the post-pandemic era,it is necessary to establish a perfect legal system for seafarers’rights and interests,with a view to protecting their legitimate rights and interests and ensuring their physical and mental health;it is also important to create a good working environment and atmosphere for seafarers and enhance their social status,thereby boosting the healthy development and operation of the shipping industry.