云南宁蒗壮族摩公经书文字初探

A Preliminary Study on the Characters in the Zhuang Mogong Scriptures in the Ninglang Yi Autonomous County,Yunnan Province

云南宁蒗壮族摩公主持红白喜事等传统活动仪式中使用的经文用一种独特的文字书写。这种文字为自造字与借用汉字(包括变构汉字)混合的拼盘型文字,是一种新发现的少数民族使用的文字,已有一定的历史。文字结构以左右、上下为主,也有包围、嵌入、交叉和其他结构形式。文字的构造方法包括摹形、象形、会意、指事、假借、变构(汉字变异)等。摩公能识读部分文字,有一部分文字可读不可知义,有一部分文字音义不详。

The scriptures used in traditional activities such as the ceremonies at weddings or funerals hosted by the Zhuang Mogong celebrants in the Ninglang Yi Autonomous County,Yunnan Province are written in a unique writing system.The script,used by the Zhuang ethnic group,is newly discovered but has been in use for a somewhat long history.It is a combination of invented Zhuang characters and borrowed Chinese characters(including metamorphic Chinese characters).Characters mainly include the left-right and top-bottom structures;and in addition,there are also enclosed,embedded,intersected and other structures.Characters are formed in the following methods,such as shape-copying,pictograph(whole and part),ideograph,indicative,phonetic loan and metamorphic(variation of Chinese characters).The Mogongs know part of the characters;some others are pronounable but with unknowable meaning,and still others are completely obscure in both sound and meaning.