改革开放以来的民主理论:历程、议题及趋势

Research on china's Democratic Theory since the Reform and Opening up:History,Issues and Trends

民主理论诞生于民主实践,又指导着民主实践。改革开放以来中国民主理论发展先后经历了改革开放初期、世纪之交、党的十八大以来三个关键时期,其间的系列民主制度创新实践助推了民主理论与知识的累积性发展。学术界着重对有中国特色的“人民民主”“基层民主”和“协商民主”等主要议题进行了集中讨论抑或争论,甄别和厘清了相应民主理论议题的核心和实质。改革开放以来中国民主理论发展有着自身的发展逻辑,既有民主实践发展的客观要求和现代化进程的推动,也有不同民主思想碰撞下马克思主义民主理论的坚持和完善,更有理论界围绕民主理论问题的不断反思超越。中国民主理论研究在议题、视角、方法和立场上都日趋成熟和完善,呈现出从理想感性向务实理性、从宏观价值层面向中观或微观技术层面、从规范向规范与实证相结合、从话语体系的“西方化”向“本土化”转变等发展趋势。

The study of china's democratic theory since the reform and opening up has experienced three key periods:the early stage of of reform and opening up,the turn of the century,and the period since the 18th CPC National Congress.During this period,a series of democratic system innovation practices promoted the cumulative development of democratic theory and knowledge.The academic circles have focused on discussing or debating the main issues such as“people's democracy”,“grassroots democracy”and“deliberative democracy”with Chinese characteristics,identified and clarified their core and essence.The development of china's democratic theory since the reform and opening up has its own development logic,it has not only the objective requirements of the development of democratic practice and the promotion of the modernization process,but also the adherence and improvement of Marxist democratic theory under the collision of different democratic thoughts,and the constant reflection and transcendence of the theoretical circle around the problems of democratic theory.china's democratic theory research is becoming more and more mature and perfect in topics,perspectives,methods and positions,shows a logical trend of transformation.