空气污染和气温与急性心肌梗死相关性研究现状

Research status of correlation between air pollution,temperature and acute myocardial infarction

急性心肌梗死(AMI)是威胁人类健康的急危重症,其发病率和死亡率呈逐年上升趋势,除了现已明确的危险因素外,多项流行病学及临床研究结果显示,空气污染和气温对AMI的发病、死亡等存在一定影响。空气颗粒物与AMI的发病率、死亡率呈正相关,寒冷和炎热对其产生负面影响,致病机制复杂。本文根据国内外相关研究从流行病学和临床研究两方面综合阐述空气污染、气温与AMI的相关性及二者引起AMI发生的病理生理机制,为减轻空气污染和气温对AMI的影响提出应对策略。

Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is an acute and severe disease threatening human health,its morbidity and mortality are increasing year by year.A number of epidemiological and clinical studies show that air pollution and temperature have certain effects on the incidence and death of AMI except the identified risk factors.The morbidity and mortality of AMI are positively correlated with airborne particles,cold and hot have negative effects on it,and the pathogenesis is complicated.Based on the relevant research at home and abroad,this paper comprehensively expounds the correlation between air pollution,temperature and AMI from the aspects of epidemiology and clinical research,as well as the pathophysiological mechanism of AMI caused by both air pollution and temperature,in order to put forward the countermeasures to reduce the impact of air pollution and temperature on AMI.