黑龙江省发热呼吸道症候群病原学研究

Etiological study on febrile respiratory syndrome in Heilongjiang Province

目的了解黑龙江省发热呼吸道症候群的病原谱构成,为制定防控策略、临床诊断及治疗提供依据。方法选择1所儿童医院和1所综合医院作为监测哨点医院,采集呼吸道感染病例的鼻/咽拭子标本,采用RespiFinder 2SMART多重呼吸道病原检测试剂盒检测22种呼吸道病原体,对结果进行统计分析。结果2018年4—12月,采集发热呼吸道症候群病例标本共320份,检出阳性标本128份,阳性检出率为40%,其中有16份标本存在混合感染。肺炎支原体和流感病毒检出率分别为10.31%、8.44%,占所有检出病原的前两位。副流感病毒、腺病毒等病原体也有检出。男、女阳性检出率分别为43.86%、35.57%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.28,P>0.05)。5岁以下年龄组感染率最高,为52.87%。季节高峰为12月份,检出率为52.38%。结论黑龙江省发热呼吸道症候群病原谱种类繁多,以肺炎支原体、流感病毒多见,混合感染常见。

Objective To understand the pathogen spectrum constitution of febrile respiratory syndrome in Heilongjiang Province,so as to provide basis for formulating prevention and control strategies,clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods One children’s hospital and one general hospital were selected as the monitoring sentinel hospitals.Nasal/pharyngeal swab specimens of febrile respiratory infections were collected.A total of 22 respiratory pathogens were detected by RespiFinder 2 SMART multiple respiratory pathogen detection kit,and the results were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 320 specimens of fever respiratory syndrome were collected from April to December in 2018,and 128 positive specimens were detected,with the positive detection rate was 40%.Among them,16 specimens had mixed infection.The detection rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae and influenza virus was 10.31%and 8.44%,respectively,accounting for the top two of all the other tested pathogens.In addition,pathogens such as parainfluenza virus and adenovirus were also detected.The positive detection rate of male and female was 43.86%and 35.57%,respectively,and there was no statistically significant difference(χ~2=2.28,P>0.05).The age group under 5 years old had the highest infection rate,which was 52.87%.The seasonal peak occurred in December,and the detection rate was 52.38%.Conclusion There are many kinds of respiratory syndrome in Heilongjiang Province,most of which are mycoplasma pneumoniae and influenza virus.Moreover,mixed infection is also common.