黑龙江省2009—2019年职业病发病情况分析

Analysis on incidence of occupational diseases in Heilongjiang Province from 2009 to 2019

目的分析黑龙江省职业病发病情况,为职业病防治工作提供科学依据。方法收集2009—2019年黑龙江省职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统报告的职业病病例,采用描述流行病方法进行分析。结果2009—2019年黑龙江省报告职业病9839例,尘肺病7835例,占79.63%,职业性传染病920例,占9.35%。尘肺病病种以煤工尘肺为主,报告7207例,占91.99%,行业分布在采矿业,用人单位主要分布在黑龙江省鸡西、七台河、双鸭山和鹤岗四大煤炭资源型城市。职业性传染病全部为职业性布鲁氏菌病,2009—2019年发病人数呈上升趋势,地区分布主要在齐齐哈尔、黑河和哈尔滨,行业分布主要在农业和畜牧业。结论尘肺病和职业性传染病是黑龙江省职业病的主要病种,其中职业性煤工尘肺和职业性布鲁氏菌病是黑龙江省发病人数最多的职业病,采矿业、农业和畜牧业是职业病高发的重点行业,加强对重点行业职业病预防和控制是职业病的防治重点。

Objective To analyze the incidence of occupational diseases in Heilongjiang Province,in order to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of occupational diseases.Methods The cases of occupational diseases were collected from the information monitoring system of occupational diseases and occupational health of Heilongjiang Province from 2009 to 2019,epidemiological descriptive research method was used for analysis.Results A total of 9839 cases of occupational diseases were reported in Heilongjiang Province from 2009 to 2019,with 7835 cases were pneumoconiosis,accounting for 79.63%,and 920 cases were occupational infectious diseases,accounting for 9.35%.Coalminer’s pneumoconiosis was the main type of pneumoconiosis,there were 7207 reported cases,accounting for 91.99%.The industry was distributed in the mining industry,and the employing units were mainly distributed in four coal resource cities in Heilongjiang Province,including Jixi City,Qitaihe City,Shuangyashan City and Hegang City.All of occupational infectious diseases were occupational brucellosis,which showed an upward trend from 2009 to 2019,the regional distribution was mainly in Qiqihar City,Heihe City and Harbin City,and industrial distribution was mainly in agriculture and animal husbandry.Conclusion Pneumoconiosis and occupational infectious diseases are the main occupational diseases in Heilongjiang Province,among them,occupational coalminer’s pneumoconiosis and occupational brucellosis are the occupational diseases with the largest number of cases in Heilongjiang Province.Mining,agriculture and animal husbandry are the key industries with high incidence of occupational diseases.Strengthening the prevention and control of occupational diseases in key industries is important for the occupational diseases.