基于GIS的金华市居民生活饮用水水碘地理空间分布情况分析

Analysis on geographical spatial distribution of iodine in domestic drinking water for residents based on GIS in Jinhua City

目的应用地理信息系统(GIS),分析金华市居民生活饮用水水碘地理分布特征,为防制碘缺乏病提供科学依据。方法 2017-2018年,采用随机抽样方法调查,应用Arc GIS 10.2软件建立空间数据库分析和绘制分布图,并进行空间自相关分析。结果金华市9个县(市、区)154个乡(镇、街道)的542份生活饮用水水碘含量均小于10.00μg/L,为外环境碘缺乏地区;居民生活饮用水水碘相对高值和较高值主要分布在金华市中部的盆地区域;相对低值和较低值主要分布在金华市低山丘陵区域。空间自相关分析显示,饮用水碘分布存在明显的正空间自相关性(Moran’s I值为0.052780 Z=6.576245,P<0.05)。金华市水碘空间分布形成相对高、中、低值的3个聚集区域。结论金华市仍属于外环境碘缺乏地区,水碘分布存在空间聚集性,需要坚持长期补碘的防控措施。

Objective To analyze the geographical distribution characteristics of iodine in domestic drinking water for the residents in Jinhua City through Geographic Information System(GIS),so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders in Jinhua City.Methods Sampling survey and water iodine detection were conducted from 2017 to 2018.Arc GIS 10.2 software was applied to establish spatial database for analysis and draw distribution map,and spatial auto-correlation analysis was conducted.Results The iodine content of 542 domestic drinking water samples from 154 townships(towns and streets)in 9 counties(cities and districts)of Jinhua City was less than 10.00μg/L,so it could be identified to be the iodine deficiency area caused by the external environment;the relative high value and high value of the iodine in domestic drinking water for the residents were mainly distributed in the basin area of central Jinhua City;the relative low value and low value were mainly distributed in the low mountain and hilly area of Jinhua City.The spatial auto-correlation analysis showed that there was significant positive spatial auto-correlation in the distribution of iodine in drinking water(Moran’s I value was 0.052780,Z=6.576245,P<0.05).GIS analysis showed that the spatial distribution of water iodine in Jinhua City formed three relatively high,medium and low concentration areas.Conclusion Jinhua City still belongs to the iodine deficiency area caused by the external environment,and there is spatial aggregation in the water iodine distribution.It is necessary to persist in the prevention and control measures of long-term iodine supplement.