新冠肺炎流行期间浙江省公众卫生健康意识调查

Investigation on hygiene and health awareness among residents in Zhejiang Province during epidemic period of COVID-19

目的了解新冠肺炎流行期间浙江省公众卫生健康意识情况,为相关部门制定公共卫生政策提供依据。方法采用方便抽样,于2020年3月3-7日,通过网络发放电子问卷,收集基本人口学信息和卫生健康意识情况和卫生行为。结果共收集到有效问卷1 093份(87.4%),女性、18~30岁人群、城市人口、文化程度较高者、医护人员的卫生健康意识得分较高(P<0.05);87.0%的调查对象会在公共场所(如医院、商场等)使用免洗手消毒液,不同居住地、文化程度和职业的人群间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。公众在打喷嚏或咳嗽时用手肘衣服、纸巾遮住口、鼻的占比较高(92.2%),医护人员的知晓率高于非医护人员(χ2=12.503,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,大专以上(OR=2.637)、医护人员(OR=2.546)卫生健康意识较好(P<0.05)。结论新冠肺炎流行期间,公众的卫生健康意识有所提高,应重视长期、持续的健康教育,加大对高年龄段、文化程度较低、非医护人员人群的卫生健康意识的培养。

Objective To understand the public awareness of hygiene and health among the residents in Zhejiang Province during the pandemic of COVID-19,so as to provide the basis for relevant departments public hygiene policies to formulate.Methods Convenient sampling was used,an online survey was conducted from 3 to 7,March 2020.Basic demographic information and data of hygiene and health awareness as well as hygiene behaviors were collected.Results A total of 1093 valid questionnaires(87.4%)were collected,and the scores of hygiene and health awareness of women,residents aged 18-30 years old,urban residents,people with higher education levels and medical staff were higher(P<0.05);and 87.0%of the respondents could use instant hand sanitizer in public places(such as hospitals,shopping malls,etc.),and there were statistical differences among the residences with different places,different education levels and occupations(P<0.05).When sneezing or coughing,the proportion of the residents covering their mouth and nose with elbow,clothes and tissue was high(92.2%),and the awareness rate of medical staff was higher than that of non medical staff(χ~2=12.503,P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that people with college degree or above(OR=2.637)and medical workers(OR=2.546)had better hygiene and health awareness(P<0.05).Conclusion The hygiene and health awareness of the public are improved during epidemic period of COVID-19.We should pay attention to the long-term and continuous health education,and increase the cultivation of hygiene and health awareness among the groups of high age,low education level and non medical staff.