2015—2018年我国专业公共卫生机构卫生资源公平性分析

Equity analysis of health resources in professional public health institutions in China from 2015 to 2018

目的分析2015—2018年中国专业公共卫生机构卫生资源配置状况,发现其中存在的问题并提出改进建议。方法运用描述性分析、集聚度和泰尔指数进行评价。结果2015—2018年中国专业公共卫生机构数、床位数、卫生技术人员数、执业(助理)医师数和注册护士数的年均增长率分别为-10.88%、4.03%、1.55%、0.63%和5.38%。按地理配置划分,2015—2018年中国专业公共卫生机构卫生资源集聚度,东部地区>中部地区>西部地区;按人口划分,中部地区>西部地区>东部地区。2015—2018年按人口分布的总泰尔指数为0.0074~0.0607,按地理面积分布的总泰尔指数为0.3159~0.6188。结论中国专业公共卫生机构卫生资源配置总体改善并逐渐趋于公平,但仍存在数量不足、区域分布不均等问题。

Objective To analyze the health resource allocation status of professional public health institutions in China from 2015 to 2018,and to identify problems and proposing improvements.Methods Descriptive analysis,agglomeration degree and Theil index were used for evaluation.Results From 2015 to 2018,the average annual growth rates of the number of professional public health institutions,number of beds,health technicians,practicing(assistant)physicians,and registered nurses in China were-10.88%,4.03%,1.55%,0.63%and 5.38%.The concentration of health resources of Chinese professional public health institutions from 2015 to 2018 were eastern region central region>western region divided by geographical configuration,and central region>western region>eastern region by population.From 2015 to 2018,the total Theil index was 0.0074 to 0.0607 by population;the total Theil index area was 0.3159 to 0.6188 by geographical distribution.Conclusion The overall allocation of health resources in China’s professional public health in⁃stitutions has gradually improved and it has gradually become fair,but there are still problems such as insufficient num⁃bers and uneven regional distribution.