汉魏时期三江平原农业生产的考古证据——黑龙江友谊凤林古城遗址出土植物遗存及分析

Agricultural Production in Sanjiang Plain During the Historic Period of the Han Dynasties and the Northern Wei Dynasty-Analysis of Flotation Results from the Fenglin Site of Youyi County in Heilongjiang Province

凤林古城遗址浮选出土了丰富的炭化植物遗存,其中包括农作物如粟、黍、大麦和大豆,以及田间杂草,如狗尾草、稗草、藜等。分析结果揭示,号称"北大荒"的三江平原在汉魏时期曾存在过一个繁荣的农业经济社会,农业生产技术相对成熟,当地先民能够根据当地农业生产条件选择适宜的农作物品种。此次采用的网格式采样法在我国是首次尝试,选择房址F32划分网格采集浮选土样,通过对各网格出土植物遗存量化统计,分析不同植物遗存在房址内的分布特点,进而对室内空间功能区的划分进行复原。

Rich charred plant remains were recovered by the flotation technique from the Fenglin site,including crops such as foxtail millet,broomcorn millet,barley and soybean,and weeds such as Setaria viridis,barnyard grass,Chenopodium album,etc. The results showed that the Sanjiang Plain in Northeast China had a prosperous agricultural economy during the period of the Han Dynasty and the Northern Wei Dynasty. The farming technology was relatively mature. People could choose the appropriate crop varieties according to the local agricultural conditions. This was the first attempt of archaeobotany in China to adopt the grid sampling method. The house foundation of F32 was selected to divide the grid to collect the flotation soil samples.Through the quantitative analysis of plant remains in each grid,the distribution pattern of plant remains in the house were analyzed,and then the division of functional areas in the interior space was restored.