草原丝路视域下辽代燕乐发展的历史传承——以辽上京博物馆藏青砂岩石刻浮雕散乐图为例

The Historical Inheritance of the Development of the Liao Dynasty Yanyue from the Perspective of the Grassland Silk Road: A Case Study of the Sculptures of Relief Sculptures of Blue Sandstone in the Shangjing Museum of the Liao Dynasty

辽王朝作为北方地区的主要政权,与外部世界的交往主要是通过草原丝路实现的。丝绸之路物质和文化方面的传播、交流、融合,成为和平的主要推动力。契丹文字难解、史料匮乏,遗存的文物便成为研究辽代物质文化、精神文化的宝贵资料。发现于内蒙古巴林左旗辽上京遗址的大契丹国夫人萧氏墓,其出土的辽代青砂岩石刻浮雕散乐图,描绘出辽代散乐宴饮活动之繁荣境况,一方面证实了草原丝路的传承和绵延,为契丹与东西方交流与各民族相互影响提供佐证;另一方面揭示了辽代散乐宴饮之盛与草原丝路的密切关联,透露出戏剧文化互相融合渗透的可能性,以及北方民族文化在贯穿东西经济文化交流上的重要贡献。

As the main political power in the northern region,the Liao Dynasty communicated with the outside world mainly through the Grassland Silk Road. The material and cultural dissemination,exchange,and integration of the Silk Road became the main driving force for peace. The Khitan characters are difficult to understand and historical materials are scarce,and the remaining cultural relics have become valuable materials for studying the material and spiritual culture of the Liao Dynasty. The tomb of the wife of the Great Khitan discovered from the Shangjiang Site of the Liao Dynasty at Balin Left Banner,Inner Mongolia,unearthed a blue sandstone relief sculpture of SanYue depicting the prosperity of SanYue and banquet activities in the Liao Dynasty. This,on the one hand,verified the inheritance and continuation of the grassland silk road which provided evidence for the exchanges between the Khitan and the East and the West,and the mutual influences among the various ethnic groups;on the other hand,it revealed the close connection between the prosperity of banquet music of the Liao Dynasty and the grassland silk road showing the possible infusion between drama and culture,and the important contribution of northern ethnic culture to the economic and cultural exchanges between the East and the West.