女性压力性尿失禁患者适应性挑战的质性研究

A qualitative study on the adaptive challenges of female patients with stress urinary incontinence

目的探讨女性压力性尿失禁患者所经历适应性挑战的真实体验。方法采用目的抽样法,对16名女性压力性尿失禁患者进行半结构式访谈,采用Colaizzi现象学分析7步法整理资料并生成主题。结果女性压力性尿失禁患者所经历的适应性挑战可归纳出生理需求受限(饮水需求受限,睡眠质量下降,性生活质量低)、矛盾情绪涌现(放弃与接受,消极与乐观,后悔与谨慎)、社会关系紊乱(角色弱化,自我退缩)、自我管理欠佳(疾病信息摄取不足,漏尿行为控制欠佳,盆底肌锻炼依从性差)及健康观念转变5个主题。结论压力性尿失禁患者所经历的适应性挑战比文献报道的更多,但面对挑战的适应能力较低,医务人员应明晰患者面临的挑战类型和冲突,帮助患者进行适应性改变,给予必要的社会支持。

Objective To explore the true experience of adaptive challenges experienced by female stress urinary incontinence patients.Methods The purpose sampling method was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with 16 female patients with stress urinary incontinence.The 7-step method of Colaizzi phenomenological analysis was used to organize the data and generate topics.Results The adaptive challenges experienced by female stress urinary incontinence patients can be summarized as limited physiological needs(restricted drinking water demand,decreased sleep quality,low quality of sexual life),emergence of contradictions(abandonment and acceptance,negative and optimistic,regret and cautious),social relationship disorder(weakening role,self-retreat),poor self-management(insufficient disease information intake,poor urine leakage control,poor compliance with pelvic floor muscle exercise)and health concept change 5 themes.Conclusion Patients with stress urinary incontinence experience more adaptive challenges than reported in the literature,but the adaptability to face challenges is low.Medical staff should be clear about the types of challenges and conflicts faced by patients,help patients to make adaptive changes,and give necessary social support.