美与生态健康在语境性审美体验中的整合——以伊顿的审美理论为讨论中心

Integration of Beauty and Ecological Health in Contextual Aesthetic Experience:A Discussion Revolving around Eaton’s Aesthetic Theory

借鉴生态学知识与原理来重新解释审美活动及其一系列关键词是生态美学建构的重要组成部分,针对生态危机这个时代语境来重释"美"的要点则是解释它与"生态健康"的内在关联,其理论难点是将认识性的、不可感知的"生态健康"内容有机地融合到审美体验之中,从而建构出有别于传统之"美"的"生态健康之美",进而将传统的审美体验转化为生态审美体验。这项工作的理论前提是从美学基本原理的角度,重释审美体验的特征及其相关的关键词。美国学者伊顿的审美理论在反思和批判现代西方审美体验理论的基础上,从分析美学的视野出发探讨了审美体验的语境性特征并提出了"语境美",在此基础上提出了"需要健康的美"这样的生态美学命题,比较好地解决了"美与生态健康的有机融合何以可能?"这一生态美学理论难题,对于我们的生态美学建构具有一定的启发意义。

It is crucial for the construction of eco-aesthetics to reinterpret the aesthetic activities and a series of key words accordingly with the reference to ecological knowledge and principles.To reinterpret the"beauty"in confrontation with the ecological crisis is therefore to explain the internal connection between"beauty"and"ecological health".The theoretical difficulty lies in how to integrate properly the cognitive and the unperceivable"ecological health elements"into the aesthetic experience to create an"ecological-health beauty"as opposed to"the conventional beauty",which helps to transform the conventional aesthetic experience into the eco-aesthetic experience.The theoretical premise of this work is to reinterpret the features of aesthetic experience and its related key words in accordance with the basic principles of the aesthetic.Marcia Eaton,an American scholar,gave a critical reflection on the modern western aesthetic experience theory,and then she,in an analytical aesthetic perspective,put forward a"contextual"characteristic of aesthetic experience and proposed a"contextual beauty",on which she brought forward an eco-aesthetic proposition——"the beauty that requires health".In this way the theoretical problem in eco-aesthetics——how possibly the beauty could be properly connected with the ecological health——has been solved,and it will give insight into the construction of Eco-aesthetics.