海南省大学生手机成瘾影响因素结构方程模型分析

Influence factors of mobile phone addiction among college students in Hainan province:a structural equation model-based analysis

目的了解海南省大学生手机成瘾情况及其影响因素,为制定海南省大学生手机成瘾干预机制提供理论依据。方法于2017年10—11月采用分层随机抽样方法,在海南省抽取2407名大学本科生进行手机成瘾倾向量表(MPATS)、时间管理倾向量表(TMDS)和人际问题量表(IIP-32)调查,并应用结构方程模型分析手机成瘾的影响因素。结果海南省MPATS量表戒断症状、突显行为、社交抚慰、心境改变维度得分和成瘾总分分别为(16.33±4.95)、(9.32±3.45)、(7.17±2.74)、(7.56±2.67)和(40.38±11.93)分;海南省2407名大学生中,手机成瘾者648人,手机成瘾比例为26.92%;TMDS量表时间价值感、时间监控观、时间效能感分量表得分和时间管理倾向总分分别为(28.23±6.38)、(57.11±12.38)、(26.70±5.65)和(112.04±22.02)分;IIP-32量表难以善于社交、难以果断自信、难以得到支持、难以与他人建立深入关系、过于与人争斗、过于开放、过于关注他人、过于依赖维度得分和人际问题总分分别为(9.10±3.58)、(10.15±3.54)、(9.43±3.49)、(9.85±3.55)、(9.20±3.30)、(9.82±3.41)、(10.50±3.51)、(9.91±3.40)和(77.95±22.47)分;结构方程模型分析结果显示,时间管理和人际问题呈显著负相关(β'=-0.165,P<0.001),时间管理(β'=0.025)对手机成瘾影响并不显著(P>0.05),人际关系(β'=0.473)对于手机成瘾影响显著(P<0.001)。结论海南省大学生手机成瘾情况不容忽视,人际问题是手机成瘾的主要影响因素。

Objective To examine the prevalence and influencing factors of mobile phone addiction(MPA)among college students in Hainan province and to provide evidences for developing measures on intervention of MPA in the students.Methods We conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey among 2753 undergraduates recruited with stratified random sampling in four universities in Hainan province during October–November 2017.Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale(MPATS),Time Management Tendency Scale(TMDS)and Inventory of Interpersonal ProblemsShort Version(IIP-32)were used in the survey.Structural equation model(SEM)was adopted to analyze influence factors of MPA.Results For the 2407 students,the mean MPATS domain scores were 16.33±4.95 for withdrawal symptoms,9.32±3.45 for salience,7.17±2.74 for social comfort,and 7.56±2.67 for mood change and the mean overall MPATS was 40.38±11.93,respectively.Of all the students,26.92%(648)were assessed with MPA.For all the students,the TMDS domain scores were 28.23±6.38 for time value sense,57.11±12.38 for time surveillance,26.70±5.65 for time efficacy sense,and112.04±22.018 for time management tendency;the IIP-32 dimensional scores were 9.10±3.58 for hard to be social,10.15±3.54 for hard to be assertive,9.43±3.49 for hard to be supportive,9.85±3.55 for hard to be involved,9.20±3.30 for too aggressive,9.82±3.41 for too open,10.50±3.51 for too caring,and 9.91±3.40 for too dependent and the overall IIP-32 score was 77.95±22.47,respectively.SEM analysis demonstrated a significant inverse correlation between time management tendency and interpersonal relationship(β′=–0.165,P<0.001)and interpersonal relationship had a significant impact on MPA(β′=0.473,P<0.001).Conclusion Mobile phone addiction is prevalent and mainly influenced by interpersonal relationship problems among college students in Hainan province.