竹类植物分蘖相关基因的生物信息学分析

Bioinformatics Analysis of Tillering Related Genes in Bamboo

从水稻中选取相关的候选基因,对毛竹和4种新测序的竹类植物以及水稻、谷子和二穗短柄草的分蘖数相关基因和氨基酸序列进行比较,对粗型和细型2种地下茎类型的竹类植物中分蘖基因的同源序列进行分析。结果表明:D10、DLT、Gn1a、HTD1、LAX1、MOC1、OsAAP3、OsCYP19-4、 OsEATB、 OsIAGLU、 OsPIN1、 OsPIN5b、 OsSPL14、 OsSUT2、 OsTB1、 RFL、THIS1等17个基因序列在不同地下茎类型的竹子中存在较明显的结构差异,在基因的进化树中,2种草本竹和禾草类植物关系较近,而与木本竹区分开,这或许为木本竹独特的地下茎系统提供一些分子依据;17个基因中调控分蘖增加或抑制分蘖生长的基因存在结构域的缺失,这种差异可能抑制毛竹(即细型地下茎竹类)的合轴生长,并使其进行地下茎延伸,从而形成真鞭,某些分蘖基因参与到各植物激素的信号通路中相互作用从而影响分蘖的产生。通过以上结果可推测,粗型地下茎与细型地下茎的形成可能与调控分蘖数目的基因,以及各类激素的作用相关。

The related genes were selected from rice,we compared the tiller number related genes and amino acid sequences of Phyllostachys edulis and 4 newly sequenced bamboos,as well as rice,foxtail millet(Setaria italica)and Brachypodium distachyon,and the homologous sequences of tiller genes in bamboos of 2 rhizome types pachymorph and leptomorph were analyzed.The results showed that 17 gene sequences such as D10,DLT,Gn1a,HTD1,LAX1,MOC1,OsAAP3,OsCYP19−4,OsEATB,OsIAGLU,OsPIN1,OsPIN5b,OsSPL14,OsSUT2,OsTB1,RFL,THIS1 have obvious structural differences in bamboos of different rhizome types.In the phylogenetic tree,the 2 species of herbaceous bamboos are closely related to Poaceae grasses,which were distinguished from woody bamboos,this may provide some molecular basis for the unique rhizome system of woody bamboos.Among these 17 genes,there is a deletion of the domain of the genes that regulates tiller increase or inhibits tiller growth,this kind of difference may inhibit the pachymorph growth of P.edulis(which represent leptomorph bamboo)and make it extend underground stems,thereby forming the rhizomes.Some tiller genes are involved in the interaction between the signaling pathways of various plant hormones and thus affect the production of tillers.From the above results,it can be speculated that the formation of pachymorph and leptomorph rhizomes may be related to the genes regulating the number of tillers and the effects of various hormones.