制约中国煤层气发展瓶颈问题及政策建议

Bottlenecks Restricting the Development of Coalbed Methane in China and Policy Recommendations

天然气在中国一次能源结构中的比重远低于世界平均24%左右的水平,2019年天然气在中国一次能源消费结构中的比重为7.8%,优化能源结构、加快天然气的发展,已成为中国低碳经济发展的必选路径。中国煤层气资源量36.8万亿m3,但开采程度低,目前年产量88.8亿m3,发展潜力巨大。研究表明,中国煤层气发展面临地质条件复杂、适合中国煤层气经济有效开发技术没有形成、矿产资源管理缺乏有效手段、煤层气开发配套政策落实难度大等瓶颈问题。本文针对性提出加强煤层气地质资源评价、煤层气开发技术攻关、完善煤层气价格机制、创新煤层气金融财税政策、建立合理的煤层气矿权机制、管理制度及配套政策等发展建议。

However,the proportion of natural gas in the energy structure of China is far lower than the world average level of about 24%.By 2019 the proportion of natural gas in the energy structure of China is 7.8%,optimizing the energy structure and accelerating the development of natural gas has become the necessary path for China’s lowcarbon economic development.There are 36.8 trillion cubic meters of coalbed methane resources in China,but the degree of exploitation is low.At present,the annual output is 8.88 billion cubic meters.Research shows that the development of coalbed methane in China faces the following problems:the geological conditions are complex,the economic and effective development technology suitable for China’s coalbed methane has not been formed,mineral resources management lacks effective means,and it is difficult to implement supporting policies for its development.The following suggestions are provided:strengthening the evaluation of coalbed methane geological resources,strengthening the research on key technology of coalbed methane development,improving the price mechanism of coalbed methane,innovating financial and taxation policies for coalbed methane,establishing reasonable coalbed methane mining right mechanism,management system and supporting policies.