中国煤炭制氢成本及碳足迹研究

Study on the Cost and Carbon Footprint of Hydrogen Production from Coal in China

煤炭制氢是我国当前最主要的低成本制氢方式,但制氢过程伴有大量的CO2排放,不符合低碳发展要求,需要和碳捕集与封存(C C S)技术结合。本文评估了结合CCS技术的煤炭制氢碳足迹和成本,发现:煤炭制氢结合CCS技术后,碳足迹由22.66 kg CO2当量(eq)/kg H2下降至10.52 kg CO2eq/kg H2,同时制氢成本增加49.80%,达到了14.01元/kg H2,但相比其他制氢技术仍具有成本优势。因此,我国在中短期氢气产业发展规划中,要推行煤炭制氢结合CCS技术,实现其低碳发展;在长期规划中,应将其定位成过渡性制氢技术,推动氢气供给结构向更加低碳的方向调整,以支撑2060年“碳中和”目标的顺利实现。

Coal-based hydrogen production technology is currently the most important low-cost hydrogen production method in China,but the hydrogen production process is accompanied by a large amount of CO2 emissions,which does not meet the requirements of low-carbon development,and needs to be combined with carbon capture and storage(CCS)technology.This paper evaluates the carbon footprint and cost of coal-based hydrogen production combined with CCS.It finds that after combining CCS with coal-based hydrogen production,the carbon footprint decreases from 22.66 kg CO2eq/kg H2 to 10.52 kg CO2eq/kg H2.Meanwhile,the cost of hydrogen production increases by 49.80%to 14.01 yuan/kg H2,but it still has cost advantages compared with other hydrogen production technologies.Therefore,in China’s short-and medium-term hydrogen industry development plan,coal-based hydrogen production combined with CCS technology should be promoted to achieve its low carbon development;in the long-term plan,it should be positioned as a transitional hydrogen production technology to promote the adjustment of hydrogen supply structure to a lower carbon direction,so as to support the smooth realization of the goal of“carbon neutralization”by 2060.