重庆市历史文化名镇现状特征及与山水关系研究

Study on Spatial Characteristics of Historical and Cultural Towns in Chongqing

以重庆市级以上历史文化名镇为研究对象,利用高分辨率遥感影像及其他相关基础地理数据,对历史文化名镇建设现状、集中度、均衡度、紧凑度和通达性等进行分析,并且研究了在重庆复杂的山水环境特征下,历史文化名镇的空间形态特征,对于未来科学制定保护规划有重要作用。研究表明:历史文化名镇在空间分布不均衡,主要集中在重庆市西部区域(江津区、荣昌区、涪陵区等)和东北部区域(万州区、巫山县);空间可达性较好,所有历史文化名镇距离1 km范围内都有公路通达;现状建设规模普遍较小,主要集中在0.5 km 2以下;建设空间主要为低海拔丘陵及河谷区域,集中建设高程区间为100—300 m;建设区域距离河流较近,大部分历史文化名镇均在距离河流500 m范围内开展建设;重庆特殊的地形地貌特征使历史文化名镇空间形态以集中型布局为主,狭长型和组团型为辅。

Historical and cultural towns were the carrier of national culture and social development which had huge wealth to a nation.This paper took historical and cultural towns of Chongqing as research objects to analyze their construction Status,spatial patterns,agglomeration features,accessibility,relationships between mountainous environment and distribution characteristics based on high resolution remote sensing images and other reference data for city planning strategy in the future.The research showed that,distribution of historical and cultural towns of Chongqing were obviously uneven and dispersive,mainly concentrated in the western region such as Jiangjin,Qijiang,Rongchang,Fuling,and the northeastern region such as Wanzhou,Wushan.All historical and cultural towns were of convenient traffic condition with highways less than 1 km.The current construction scales of historical and cultural towns were almost less than 0.5 km 2 and mainly distributed in elevation between 100 m and 300 m,such as hills and valleys.Almost historical and cultural towns were built near the river with 500 m.Because of the topography and landform characters in Chongqing,the construction patterns were showed centralized features in priority,long and narrow features,cluster features were given to the second priority.